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Does Microfinance Reduce Rural Poverty? Evidence Based on Household Panel Data from Northern Ethiopia

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  • Guush Berhane
  • Cornelis Gardebroek

Abstract

Evidence on the long-term impacts of microfinance credit is scarce. We use a unique four-round panel dataset on farm households in northern Ethiopia that had access to microfinance, observed on two key poverty indicators: household consumption and housing improvements. Fixed-effects and random trend models are used to reduce potential selection biases due to time-invariant unobserved heterogeneity and individual trends therein. Results show that borrowing indeed causally increased consumption and housing improvements. A flexible specification that takes into account repeated borrowings also suggests that borrowing has cumulative long-term effects on these outcomes, implying that short-term impact estimates may underestimate credit effects. Copyright 2010, Oxford University Press.

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  • Guush Berhane & Cornelis Gardebroek, 2010. "Does Microfinance Reduce Rural Poverty? Evidence Based on Household Panel Data from Northern Ethiopia," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 93(1), pages 43-55.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:ajagec:v:93:y:2010:i:1:p:43-55
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    1. Krishna Bahadur KC & Iftekharul Haque & Alexander F. Legwegoh & Evan D. G. Fraser, 2016. "Strategies to Reduce Food Loss in the Global South," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Qi Zhou & Xiangfeng Chen & Shuting Li, 2018. "Innovative Financial Approach for Agricultural Sustainability: A Case Study of Alibaba," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-20, March.
    3. Yuan, Yan & Xu, Lihe, 2015. "Are poor able to access the informal credit market? Evidence from rural households in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 232-246.
    4. Janda, Karel & Van Tran, Quang & Zetek, Pavel, 2014. "Influence of External Funding on Microfinance Performance," MPRA Paper 58170, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Yawo A. Noglo & Komivi Afawubo, 2017. "2011-2015: an illustration based on the decomposition of the Gini coefficient using the Shapley value approach," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(4), pages 2602-2615.
    6. Berg Claudia & Emran M. Shahe, 2020. "Microfinance and Vulnerability to Seasonal Famine in a Rural Economy: Evidence from Monga in Bangladesh," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 20(3), pages 1-36, July.
    7. Wakeyo, Mekonnen B. & Gardebroek, Cornelis, 2013. "Does water harvesting induce fertilizer use among smallholders? Evidence from Ethiopia," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 54-63.
    8. Ghulam Hussain, A.K.M. & Nargis, Nigar & Ashiquzzaman, S.M. & Khalil, Fahad, 2019. "The employment impact of microcredit program participation in Bangladesh: Evidence from a longitudinal household survey," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 13(C), pages 34-49.
    9. Rajbanshi, Ram & Huang, Meng & Wydick, Bruce, 2015. "Measuring Microfinance: Assessing the Conflict between Practitioners and Researchers with Evidence from Nepal," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 30-47.
    10. Islam, A.H.M.S., 2018. "Impact of Integrated Aquaculture-agriculture Value Chain Participation on Welfare of Marginalized Indigenous Households in Bangladesh: A Panel Data Analysis," 2018 Conference, July 28-August 2, 2018, Vancouver, British Columbia 277412, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    11. Abate, Gashaw Tadesse & Rashid, Shahidur & Borzaga, Carlos & Getnet, Kindie, 2015. "Rural finance and agricultural technology adoption in Ethiopia: Does institutional design matter?:," IFPRI discussion papers 1422, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    12. Specht, Gabriel & Nuppenau, Ernst-August & Domptail, Stephanie, 2021. "Failing Synergies Among Public Programs: The Economy-Wide Effects of One Rural Credit and Two Social Protection Programs Simultaneously Implemented in Southern Brazil," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315012, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    13. Sefa K. Awaworyi, 2014. "The Impact of Microfinance Interventions: A Meta-analysis," Monash Economics Working Papers 03-14, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    14. Alberto Lanzavecchia, 2012. "Is microcredit targeted to poor people? Evidences from a Cambodian microfinance institution," "Marco Fanno" Working Papers 0149, Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche "Marco Fanno".
    15. Gashaw Tadesse Abate & Carlo Borzaga & Kindie Getnet, 2013. "Financial sustainability and outreach of microfinance institutions in Ethiopia: does organizational form matter?," Euricse Working Papers 1356, Euricse (European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises).
    16. Janda, Karel & Tran, Quang & Zetek, Pavel, 2014. "Vliv externího financování na mikrofinanční rozvoj - makro perspektiva [Influence of external funding on microfinance performance - macro perspective]," MPRA Paper 58166, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    17. Ngore, Patrick Muthee, 2010. "Evaluation of Factors Influencing Value Addition by Butchery Agribusinesses in Igembe North District, Kenya," Research Theses 134498, Collaborative Masters Program in Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    18. Asadul Islam & Debayan Pakrashi, 2014. "The Microcredit Puzzle: Labour Supply Behaviour of Rural Households in Bangladesh," Monash Economics Working Papers 24-14, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    19. Awaworyi Churchill, Sefa & Korankye Danso, Jeffrey & Appau, Samuelson, 2015. "Microcredit and Poverty Reduction in Bangladesh: Beyond Publication Bias, Does Genuine Effect Exist?," EconStor Preprints 123722, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.

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