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Federal Milk Marketing Order Provisions: Effects on Producer Prices and Intermarket Price Relationships

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  • George W. Ladd

Abstract

Federal milk marketing orders contain formulas that determine prices received by farmers for milk delivered to bottlers. Different orders contain various combinations of provisions. Cross-section data were used to test the hypothesis that order prices are related to the provisions contained in orders. The hypothesis was accepted. Some 78 percent of the variance in prices is explained by two economic variables: distance of order market from Eau Claire, Wisconsin, and class I utilization ratio. Inclusion of dummy variables to allow for effects of order provisions increased the proportion of explained variance to 94 percent. Covariance analysis found no significant changes between years in the effects of order provisions on prices. Many possible combinations of provisions are not used in any order. Many of these combinations would provide unacceptable prices if they were used.

Suggested Citation

  • George W. Ladd, 1969. "Federal Milk Marketing Order Provisions: Effects on Producer Prices and Intermarket Price Relationships," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 51(3), pages 625-641.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:ajagec:v:51:y:1969:i:3:p:625-641.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.2307/1237914
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    Cited by:

    1. Debertin, David L. & Freund, R. J., 1975. "The Deletion of Variables From Regression Models Based on Tests of Significance: A Statistical and Moral Issue," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 7(1), pages 211-216, July.
    2. Tomek, William G. & Robinson, Kenneth L., 1977. "PART V. Agricultural Price Analysis and Outlook," AAEA Monographs, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, number 337217, january.
    3. Godfrey, E. Bruce & Stockton, Matthew C. & Gray, C. Wilson, 2006. "The Fate Of Federal Milk Marketing Orders: Is Order 135 An Indication Of The Future?," A.E. Research Series 305039, University of Idaho, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology.

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