IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nwe/eajour/y2017i1p5-33.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exchange Control in Italy and Bulgaria in the Interwar Period: History and Perspectives

Author

Listed:
  • Nikolay Nenovsky

    (University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria)

  • Giovanni Pavanelli

    (Department of Economics and Public Finance, University of Torino)

  • Kalina Dimitrova

    (Financial Supervision Commission, Bulgaria)

Abstract

This paper analyses exchange control in Italy and Bulgaria during the interwar period. Starting with the chronology of events, the study provides a detailed account of the institutional and economic framework in which these measures were enforced and interprets them by exploring various sources of information and data. Moreover, it suggests a theoretical interpretation of exchange control measures stressing that these policies were a serious interference in market mechanisms. A further point is that exchange control in both countries was an eloquent example of how serious the balance of payments constraint was at that time and how difficult it was to circumvent it. Subject to discussion, the paper derives some lessons for today�s economies.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikolay Nenovsky & Giovanni Pavanelli & Kalina Dimitrova, 2017. "Exchange Control in Italy and Bulgaria in the Interwar Period: History and Perspectives," Economic Alternatives, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, issue 1, pages 5-33, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nwe:eajour:y:2017:i:1:p:5-33
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.unwe.bg/uploads/Alternatives/colectiv_ea_en_br_1_2017-1.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kalina Dimitrova & Martin Ivanov & Ralitsa Simeonova-Ganeva, 2009. "Effective exchange rates of the Bulgarian Lev 1879-1939," ICER Working Papers 04-2009, ICER - International Centre for Economic Research.
    2. K. Dimitrova & Nikolay Nenovsky, 2007. "Exchange rate control in Bulgaria in inerwar period: history and theoretical reflections," Post-Print halshs-00259547, HAL.
    3. Lazaretou, Sophia, 2005. "The drachma, foreign creditors, and the international monetary system: tales of a currency during the 19th and the early 20th centuries," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 202-236, April.
    4. Zamagni, Vera, 1997. "The Economic History of Italy 1860-1990," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198292890.
    5. Nikolay Nenovsky, 2003. "Bulgarian National Bank," Post-Print halshs-00259837, HAL.
    6. Friedman, Philip, 1978. "An Econometric Model of National Income, Commercial Policy and the Level of International Trade: The Open Economies of Europe, 1924–1938," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 38(1), pages 148-180, March.
    7. Fratianni,Michele & Spinelli,Franco, 2005. "A Monetary History of Italy," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521023450, September.
    8. Eichengreen, Barry & Sachs, Jeffrey, 1985. "Exchange Rates and Economic Recovery in the 1930s," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 45(4), pages 925-946, December.
    9. D H Aldcroft, 2002. "Currency Stabilisation in the 1920s: Success or Failure?," Economic Issues Journal Articles, Economic Issues, vol. 7(2), pages 83-102, September.
    10. tattara, giuesppe, 1991. "Power and Trade: Italy and Germany in the Thirties," MPRA Paper 10802, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Goodhart, Charles A. E., 1998. "The two concepts of money: implications for the analysis of optimal currency areas," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 407-432, August.
    12. Rumen Andreev, 2016. "Aspects of Bulgarian Åconomic Policy and Development During and After the First World War (1914-1929)," Economic Alternatives, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, issue 2, pages 175-188, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nikolay Nenovsky & Giovanni Pavanelli & Kalina Dimitrova, 2007. "Exchange Control in Italy and Bulgaria in the Interwar Period: History and Perspectives," ICER Working Papers 40-2007, ICER - International Centre for Economic Research.
    2. K. Dimitrova & Nikolay Nenovsky & G. Pavanelli, 2007. "Exchange rate control in Italy and Bulgaria in the interwar period. History and Perspectives," Post-Print halshs-00259693, HAL.
    3. Martin Ellison & Sang Seok Lee & Kevin Hjortshøj O'Rourke, 2024. "The Ends of 27 Big Depressions," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 114(1), pages 134-168, January.
    4. Martin Ellison & Sang Seok Lee & Kevin Hjortshøj O’Rourke, 2020. "The Ends of 30 Big Depressions," Economics Series Working Papers 896, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    5. Albers, Thilo Nils Hendrik, 2018. "The prelude and global impact of the Great Depression: Evidence from a new macroeconomic dataset," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 150-163.
    6. Pavanelli, Giovanni, 2023. "The Economists And The Press In Italy From The End Of The Xix Century Till Fascism: The Case Of Luigi Einaudi," SocArXiv 7wn4t, Center for Open Science.
    7. Vladan Hodulák & Oldřich Krpec, 2015. "Francouzsko-Německé monetární vztahy - pnutí v základech eurozóny [Franco-German Monetary Relations - Tensions Built Into the Eurozone Core]," Politická ekonomie, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2015(4), pages 413-435.
    8. Sabaté, Marcela & Fillat, Carmen & Escario, Regina, 2019. "Budget deficits and money creation: Exploring their relation before Bretton Woods," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 38-56.
    9. Andreas Kakridis, 2021. "Nobody’s child: the Bank of Greece in the interwar years," Working Papers 290, Bank of Greece.
    10. Michael Bordo & Barry Eichengreen, 1999. "Is our Current International Economic Environment Unusually Crisis Prone?," RBA Annual Conference Volume (Discontinued), in: David Gruen & Luke Gower (ed.),Capital Flows and the International Financial System, Reserve Bank of Australia.
    11. Vasilev, Aleksandar, 2015. "Welfare gains from the adoption of proportional taxation in a general-equilibrium model with a grey economy: the case of Bulgaria's 2008 flat tax reform," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 48(2), pages 169-185.
    12. Accominotti, Olivier, 2012. "London Merchant Banks, the Central European Panic, and the Sterling Crisis of 1931," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 72(1), pages 1-43, March.
    13. Josh Ryan-Collins, 2015. "Is Monetary Financing Inflationary? A Case Study of the Canadian Economy, 1935-75," Economics Working Paper Archive wp_848, Levy Economics Institute.
    14. Francesca Francioli & Alberto Quagli, 2021. "Management accounting change and the rise of Vespa (1884-1965)," MANAGEMENT CONTROL, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2021(suppl. 2), pages 313-338.
    15. Dirk Schoenmaker, 2017. "A macro approach to international bank resolution," Policy Contributions 21231, Bruegel.
    16. Fornaro, Luca, 2015. "Financial crises and exchange rate policy," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(2), pages 202-215.
    17. Ethan Ilzetzki & Saverio Simonelli, 2017. "Measuring Productivity Dispersion: Lessons From Counting One-Hundred Million Ballots," CSEF Working Papers 483, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.
    18. Winkler, Adalbert, 2013. "Der lender of last resort vor Gericht," Frankfurt School - Working Paper Series 206, Frankfurt School of Finance and Management.
    19. Bordo, Michael D., 1986. "Explorations in monetary history: A survey of the literature," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 23(4), pages 339-415, October.
    20. tattara, Giuseppe, 1995. "Bilancia dei pagamenti, movimenti dei capitali ed equilibrio interno nei primi 50 anni del regno d'Italia [Balance of payments, capital movements, domestic equilibrium in the first 50 years of the ," MPRA Paper 39086, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    exchange control; clearing trade; international monetary relation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N24 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - Europe: 1913-

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nwe:eajour:y:2017:i:1:p:5-33. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Vanya Lazarova (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/unweebg.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.