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Two's Company, Three's an Equilibrium: Strategic Voting and Multicandidate Elections

Author

Listed:
  • Patty, John W.
  • Snyder, James M.
  • Ting, Michael M.

Abstract

In this paper, we characterize equilibria in games of electoral competition between three or more office-seeking candidates. Recognizing that electoral equilibrium involves both candidates' and voters' strategies, we first prove existence of pure strategy electoral equilibria when candidates seek to maximize their vote share. Accordingly, the main difficulty with electoral equilibria is multiplicity. We prove that, even after restricting attention to subgame perfect Nash equilibria in weakly undominated strategies, the set of electoral equilibria is very large. We provide several characterizations of candidates' equilibrium platforms, including a set of conditions under which equilibrium platforms are located in the minmax set. We also examine welfare implications of the results as well as connections between the noncooperative equilibria and the uncovered set.

Suggested Citation

  • Patty, John W. & Snyder, James M. & Ting, Michael M., 2009. "Two's Company, Three's an Equilibrium: Strategic Voting and Multicandidate Elections," Quarterly Journal of Political Science, now publishers, vol. 4(3), pages 251-278, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:now:jlqjps:100.00008056
    DOI: 10.1561/100.00008056
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    Cited by:

    1. Martin Gregor, 2013. "The Optimal Ballot Structure for Double-Member Districts," CERGE-EI Working Papers wp493, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague.
    2. Max Gallop, 2017. "More dangerous than dyads: how a third party enables rationalist explanations for war," Journal of Theoretical Politics, , vol. 29(3), pages 353-381, July.
    3. Norman Schofield, 2013. "The “probability of a fit choice”," Review of Economic Design, Springer;Society for Economic Design, vol. 17(2), pages 129-150, June.

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