New neomercantilism as a challenge for a globalized economy

In the development of economic theory, since the 15th century, mercantilism was replaced by classical theory, and neo-mercantilism was replaced by neoclassical theory. The modern form of mercantilism is called by English- speaking researchers as a new neomercantilism. The paper analyzes the reasons for the change in economic policy in modern Anglo-Saxon countries, when the process of globalization was replaced by economic nationalism with trade wars, barrier duties, and ruptures of international agreements. This transformation was most evident after the announcement of the results of the English Brexit vote and the American vote in the 2016 presidential election. It is concluded that the attempt to change the dominant economic paradigm in the U.S. under President D. Trump looks quite natural and poses a real threat to the established world economic order.