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Nizozemska bolest u Bolivarijanskoj Republici Venezueli

Author

Listed:
  • Hrvoje JoÅ¡ić

    (Ekonomski fakultet SveuÄ iliÅ¡ta u Zagrebu)

  • Fran MaÄ ek Pandak

Abstract

Venezuela je od svog osamostaljenja gospodarstvo temeljila na proizvodnji i izvozu jednog proizvoda. U 19. stoljeću to su bili kava i kakaovac koje je u 20. stoljeću zamijenila nafta. Navedeno je dovelo do nizozemske bolesti koja je guÅ¡ila ostale gospodarske grane, pa su Ä esto korumpirane vlasti kupovale socijalni mir socijalistiÄ kim politikama i državnom potroÅ¡njom. 1980-ih doÅ¡lo je do prvog znaÄ ajnijeg pada cijene nafte u 20. stoljeću te je Venezuela morala provesti liberalne reforme kako bi dobila pomoć MeÄ‘unarodnog monetarnog fonda. Uslijedio je veliki pad standarda i BDP-a te masovni prosvjedi. Na valu tog nezadovoljstva na izborima 1998. godine pobjeÄ‘uje bivÅ¡i vojni Ä asnik i neuspjeli puÄ ist Hugo Chavez kojemu oporavak cijene nafte omogućuje pokretanje socijalistiÄ kih reformi i gospodarski oporavak zemlje. Eksproprijacije vlasniÅ¡tva privatnih poduzeća i uvoÄ‘enje cjenovnih ograniÄ enja oslabili su domaće gospodarstvo i uzrokovali inflaciju, dok je rast državne potroÅ¡nje opteretio javne financije. Veliki pad cijene nafte 2014. uzrokovao je kolaps venezuelanskog gospodarstva kao i socijalnu i politiÄ ku krizu. Prilikom izrade rada koriÅ¡teni su službeni podatci venezuelanske vlade, ministarstava i instituta, te podaci Ujedinjenih Naroda, Svjetske Banke i ostalih organizacija kao i informacije iz venezuelanskih i inozemnih tiskovina i novinskih portala.

Suggested Citation

  • Hrvoje JoÅ¡ić & Fran MaÄ ek Pandak, 2017. "Nizozemska bolest u Bolivarijanskoj Republici Venezueli," Notitia - journal for economic, business and social issues, Notitia Ltd., vol. 1(3), pages 125-138, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:noa:journl:y:2017:i:3:p:125-138
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Hugo Chavez; Venezuela; naftna ekonomija; nizozemska bolest;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • Q3 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation

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