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Einkorn genomics sheds light on history of the oldest domesticated wheat

Author

Listed:
  • Hanin Ibrahim Ahmed

    (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
    King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST))

  • Matthias Heuberger

    (University of Zurich)

  • Adam Schoen

    (University of Maryland)

  • Dal-Hoe Koo

    (Kansas State University)

  • Jesus Quiroz-Chavez

    (John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park)

  • Laxman Adhikari

    (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
    King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST))

  • John Raupp

    (Kansas State University)

  • Stéphane Cauet

    (CNRGV French Plant Genomic Resource Center)

  • Nathalie Rodde

    (CNRGV French Plant Genomic Resource Center)

  • Charlotte Cravero

    (CNRGV French Plant Genomic Resource Center)

  • Caroline Callot

    (CNRGV French Plant Genomic Resource Center)

  • Gerard R. Lazo

    (United States Department of Agriculture)

  • Nagarajan Kathiresan

    (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST))

  • Parva K. Sharma

    (University of Maryland)

  • Ian Moot

    (University of Maryland)

  • Inderjit Singh Yadav

    (University of Maryland)

  • Lovepreet Singh

    (University of Maryland)

  • Gautam Saripalli

    (University of Maryland)

  • Nidhi Rawat

    (University of Maryland)

  • Raju Datla

    (University of Saskatchewan)

  • Naveenkumar Athiyannan

    (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
    King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST))

  • Ricardo H. Ramirez-Gonzalez

    (John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park)

  • Cristobal Uauy

    (John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park)

  • Thomas Wicker

    (University of Zurich)

  • Vijay K. Tiwari

    (University of Maryland)

  • Michael Abrouk

    (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
    King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST))

  • Jesse Poland

    (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
    King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST))

  • Simon G. Krattinger

    (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
    King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST))

Abstract

Einkorn (Triticum monococcum) was the first domesticated wheat species, and was central to the birth of agriculture and the Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent around 10,000 years ago1,2. Here we generate and analyse 5.2-Gb genome assemblies for wild and domesticated einkorn, including completely assembled centromeres. Einkorn centromeres are highly dynamic, showing evidence of ancient and recent centromere shifts caused by structural rearrangements. Whole-genome sequencing analysis of a diversity panel uncovered the population structure and evolutionary history of einkorn, revealing complex patterns of hybridizations and introgressions after the dispersal of domesticated einkorn from the Fertile Crescent. We also show that around 1% of the modern bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) A subgenome originates from einkorn. These resources and findings highlight the history of einkorn evolution and provide a basis to accelerate the genomics-assisted improvement of einkorn and bread wheat.

Suggested Citation

  • Hanin Ibrahim Ahmed & Matthias Heuberger & Adam Schoen & Dal-Hoe Koo & Jesus Quiroz-Chavez & Laxman Adhikari & John Raupp & Stéphane Cauet & Nathalie Rodde & Charlotte Cravero & Caroline Callot & Gera, 2023. "Einkorn genomics sheds light on history of the oldest domesticated wheat," Nature, Nature, vol. 620(7975), pages 830-838, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:620:y:2023:i:7975:d:10.1038_s41586-023-06389-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06389-7
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    Cited by:

    1. Weikai Chen & Xiangfeng Wang & Jie Sun & Xinrui Wang & Zhangsheng Zhu & Dilay Hazal Ayhan & Shu Yi & Ming Yan & Lili Zhang & Tan Meng & Yu Mu & Jun Li & Dian Meng & Jianxin Bian & Ke Wang & Lu Wang & , 2024. "Two telomere-to-telomere gapless genomes reveal insights into Capsicum evolution and capsaicinoid biosynthesis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.

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