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Defining the risk of SARS-CoV-2 variants on immune protection

Author

Listed:
  • Marciela M. DeGrace

    (National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Health)

  • Elodie Ghedin

    (National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Health)

  • Matthew B. Frieman

    (The University of Maryland School of Medicine)

  • Florian Krammer

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Alba Grifoni

    (La Jolla Institute for Immunology)

  • Arghavan Alisoltani

    (University of California Riverside School of Medicine)

  • Galit Alter

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard)

  • Rama R. Amara

    (Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine)

  • Ralph S. Baric

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Dan H. Barouch

    (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center)

  • Jesse D. Bloom

    (Howard Hughes Medical Institute)

  • Louis-Marie Bloyet

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Gaston Bonenfant

    (CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Adrianus C. M. Boon

    (Washington University in St Louis)

  • Eli A. Boritz

    (National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Health
    Vaccine Research Center)

  • Debbie L. Bratt

    (National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Health
    CAMRIS, Contractor for NIAID)

  • Traci L. Bricker

    (Washington University in St Louis)

  • Liliana Brown

    (National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Health)

  • William J. Buchser

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Juan Manuel Carreño

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Liel Cohen-Lavi

    (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev)

  • Tamarand L. Darling

    (Washington University in St Louis)

  • Meredith E. Davis-Gardner

    (Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine)

  • Bethany L. Dearlove

    (US Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research)

  • Han Di

    (CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Meike Dittmann

    (New York University Grossman School of Medicine)

  • Nicole A. Doria-Rose

    (National Institutes of Health
    Vaccine Research Center)

  • Daniel C. Douek

    (National Institutes of Health
    Vaccine Research Center)

  • Christian Drosten

    (Charité–Universitätsmedizin and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF))

  • Venkata-Viswanadh Edara

    (Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine)

  • Ali Ellebedy

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Thomas P. Fabrizio

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Guido Ferrari

    (Duke University Medical Center)

  • Will M. Fischer

    (New Mexico Consortium)

  • William C. Florence

    (National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Health)

  • Ron A. M. Fouchier

    (Erasmus MC)

  • John Franks

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Adolfo García-Sastre

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Adam Godzik

    (University of California Riverside School of Medicine)

  • Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche

    (Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Aubree Gordon

    (University of Michigan)

  • Bart L. Haagmans

    (Erasmus MC)

  • Peter J. Halfmann

    (University of Wisconsin)

  • David D. Ho

    (Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons)

  • Michael R. Holbrook

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Integrated Research Facility)

  • Yaoxing Huang

    (Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons)

  • Sarah L. James

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Lukasz Jaroszewski

    (University of California Riverside School of Medicine)

  • Trushar Jeevan

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Robert M. Johnson

    (The University of Maryland School of Medicine)

  • Terry C. Jones

    (Charité–Universitätsmedizin and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF)
    University of Cambridge)

  • Astha Joshi

    (Washington University in St Louis)

  • Yoshihiro Kawaoka

    (University of Wisconsin
    The University of Tokyo
    National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital)

  • Lisa Kercher

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Marion P. G. Koopmans

    (Erasmus MC)

  • Bette Korber

    (New Mexico Consortium)

  • Eilay Koren

    (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
    Ben-Gurion University of the Negev)

  • Richard A. Koup

    (National Institutes of Health
    Vaccine Research Center)

  • Eric B. LeGresley

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Jacob E. Lemieux

    (Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard)

  • Mariel J. Liebeskind

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Zhuoming Liu

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Brandi Livingston

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • James P. Logue

    (The University of Maryland School of Medicine)

  • Yang Luo

    (Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons)

  • Adrian B. McDermott

    (National Institutes of Health
    Vaccine Research Center)

  • Margaret J. McElrath

    (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

  • Victoria A. Meliopoulos

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Vineet D. Menachery

    (University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • David C. Montefiori

    (Duke University Medical Center)

  • Barbara Mühlemann

    (Charité–Universitätsmedizin and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF)
    University of Cambridge)

  • Vincent J. Munster

    (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health)

  • Jenny E. Munt

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Manoj S. Nair

    (Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons)

  • Antonia Netzl

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Anna M. Niewiadomska

    (J. Craig Venter Institute)

  • Sijy O’Dell

    (National Institutes of Health
    Vaccine Research Center)

  • Andrew Pekosz

    (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health)

  • Stanley Perlman

    (University of Iowa)

  • Marjorie C. Pontelli

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Barry Rockx

    (Erasmus MC)

  • Morgane Rolland

    (US Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research)

  • Paul W. Rothlauf

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Sinai Sacharen

    (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
    Ben-Gurion University of the Negev)

  • Richard H. Scheuermann

    (J. Craig Venter Institute)

  • Stephen D. Schmidt

    (National Institutes of Health
    Vaccine Research Center)

  • Michael Schotsaert

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Stacey Schultz-Cherry

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Robert A. Seder

    (National Institutes of Health
    Vaccine Research Center)

  • Mayya Sedova

    (University of California Riverside School of Medicine)

  • Alessandro Sette

    (La Jolla Institute for Immunology
    University of California, San Diego (UCSD))

  • Reed S. Shabman

    (National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Health)

  • Xiaoying Shen

    (Duke University Medical Center)

  • Pei-Yong Shi

    (The University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Maulik Shukla

    (University of Chicago
    Argonne National Laboratory)

  • Viviana Simon

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Spencer Stumpf

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Nancy J. Sullivan

    (National Institutes of Health
    Vaccine Research Center)

  • Larissa B. Thackray

    (Washington University in St Louis)

  • James Theiler

    (New Mexico Consortium)

  • Paul G. Thomas

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Sanja Trifkovic

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Sina Türeli

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Samuel A. Turner

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Maria A. Vakaki

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Harm Bakel

    (Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Laura A. VanBlargan

    (Washington University in St Louis)

  • Leah R. Vincent

    (National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Health)

  • Zachary S. Wallace

    (J. Craig Venter Institute
    University of California)

  • Li Wang

    (CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Maple Wang

    (Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons)

  • Pengfei Wang

    (Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons)

  • Wei Wang

    (US Food and Drug Administration)

  • Scott C. Weaver

    (University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Richard J. Webby

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Carol D. Weiss

    (US Food and Drug Administration)

  • David E. Wentworth

    (CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Stuart M. Weston

    (The University of Maryland School of Medicine)

  • Sean P. J. Whelan

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Bradley M. Whitener

    (Washington University in St Louis)

  • Samuel H. Wilks

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Xuping Xie

    (The University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Baoling Ying

    (Washington University in St Louis)

  • Hyejin Yoon

    (New Mexico Consortium)

  • Bin Zhou

    (CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Tomer Hertz

    (Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev)

  • Derek J. Smith

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Michael S. Diamond

    (Washington University in St Louis
    Washington University School of Medicine
    Washington University School of Medicine
    Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Diane J. Post

    (National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Health)

  • Mehul S. Suthar

    (Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine)

Abstract

The global emergence of many severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants jeopardizes the protective antiviral immunity induced after infection or vaccination. To address the public health threat caused by the increasing SARS-CoV-2 genomic diversity, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases within the National Institutes of Health established the SARS-CoV-2 Assessment of Viral Evolution (SAVE) programme. This effort was designed to provide a real-time risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants that could potentially affect the transmission, virulence, and resistance to infection- and vaccine-induced immunity. The SAVE programme is a critical data-generating component of the US Government SARS-CoV-2 Interagency Group to assess implications of SARS-CoV-2 variants on diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics, and for communicating public health risk. Here we describe the coordinated approach used to identify and curate data about emerging variants, their impact on immunity and effects on vaccine protection using animal models. We report the development of reagents, methodologies, models and notable findings facilitated by this collaborative approach and identify future challenges. This programme is a template for the response to rapidly evolving pathogens with pandemic potential by monitoring viral evolution in the human population to identify variants that could reduce the effectiveness of countermeasures.

Suggested Citation

  • Marciela M. DeGrace & Elodie Ghedin & Matthew B. Frieman & Florian Krammer & Alba Grifoni & Arghavan Alisoltani & Galit Alter & Rama R. Amara & Ralph S. Baric & Dan H. Barouch & Jesse D. Bloom & Louis, 2022. "Defining the risk of SARS-CoV-2 variants on immune protection," Nature, Nature, vol. 605(7911), pages 640-652, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:605:y:2022:i:7911:d:10.1038_s41586-022-04690-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04690-5
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    Cited by:

    1. Adel Necib & Jarboui Anis, 2023. "The Effect of Corporate Governance Mechanisms on Integrated Reporting (IR) Quality: The Case of FTSE100 Companies," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, vol. 13(2), pages 105-131.

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