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Activation mechanism of the class D fungal GPCR dimer Ste2

Author

Listed:
  • Vaithish Velazhahan

    (Francis Crick Avenue)

  • Ning Ma

    (Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope)

  • Nagarajan Vaidehi

    (Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope)

  • Christopher G. Tate

    (Francis Crick Avenue)

Abstract

The fungal class D1 G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Ste2 has a different arrangement of transmembrane helices compared with mammalian GPCRs and a distinct mode of coupling to the heterotrimeric G protein Gpa1–Ste2–Ste181. In addition, Ste2 lacks conserved sequence motifs such as DRY, PIF and NPXXY, which are associated with the activation of class A GPCRs2. This suggested that the activation mechanism of Ste2 may also differ. Here we determined structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ste2 in the absence of G protein in two different conformations bound to the native agonist α-factor, bound to an antagonist and without ligand. These structures revealed that Ste2 is indeed activated differently from other GPCRs. In the inactive state, the cytoplasmic end of transmembrane helix H7 is unstructured and packs between helices H1–H6, blocking the G protein coupling site. Agonist binding results in the outward movement of the extracellular ends of H6 and H7 by 6 Å. On the intracellular surface, the G protein coupling site is formed by a 20 Å outward movement of the unstructured region in H7 that unblocks the site, and a 12 Å inward movement of H6. This is a distinct mechanism in GPCRs, in which the movement of H6 and H7 upon agonist binding facilitates G protein coupling.

Suggested Citation

  • Vaithish Velazhahan & Ning Ma & Nagarajan Vaidehi & Christopher G. Tate, 2022. "Activation mechanism of the class D fungal GPCR dimer Ste2," Nature, Nature, vol. 603(7902), pages 743-748, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:603:y:2022:i:7902:d:10.1038_s41586-022-04498-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04498-3
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    Cited by:

    1. Julien Bous & Julia Kinsolving & Lukas Grätz & Magdalena M. Scharf & Jan Hendrik Voss & Berkay Selcuk & Ogün Adebali & Gunnar Schulte, 2024. "Structural basis of frizzled 7 activation and allosteric regulation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Moon Young Yang & Soo-Kyung Kim & William A. Goddard, 2022. "G protein coupling and activation of the metabotropic GABAB heterodimer," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. T. Bertie Ansell & Wanling Song & Claire E. Coupland & Loic Carrique & Robin A. Corey & Anna L. Duncan & C. Keith Cassidy & Maxwell M. G. Geurts & Tim Rasmussen & Andrew B. Ward & Christian Siebold & , 2023. "LipIDens: simulation assisted interpretation of lipid densities in cryo-EM structures of membrane proteins," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.

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