Author
Listed:
- Valerie Oberhardt
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg
University of Freiburg)
- Hendrik Luxenburger
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg
University of Freiburg)
- Janine Kemming
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg
University of Freiburg)
- Isabel Schulien
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Kevin Ciminski
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Sebastian Giese
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Benedikt Csernalabics
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Julia Lang-Meli
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg
University of Freiburg)
- Iga Janowska
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Julian Staniek
(University of Freiburg
Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Katharina Wild
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg
University of Freiburg)
- Kristi Basho
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Mircea Stefan Marinescu
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Jonas Fuchs
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Fernando Topfstedt
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Ales Janda
(Ulm University Medical Center)
- Oezlem Sogukpinar
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Hanna Hilger
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Katarina Stete
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Florian Emmerich
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Bertram Bengsch
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg
University of Freiburg)
- Cornelius F. Waller
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Siegbert Rieg
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Sagar
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Tobias Boettler
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg
University of Freiburg)
- Katharina Zoldan
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Georg Kochs
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Martin Schwemmle
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Marta Rizzi
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Robert Thimme
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Christoph Neumann-Haefelin
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
- Maike Hofmann
(Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg)
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccines1–3 mediate protection from severe disease as early as ten days after prime vaccination3, when neutralizing antibodies are hardly detectable4–6. Vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells may therefore be the main mediators of protection at this early stage7,8. The details of their induction, comparison to natural infection, and association with other arms of vaccine-induced immunity remain, however, incompletely understood. Here we show on a single-epitope level that a stable and fully functional CD8+ T cell response is vigorously mobilized one week after prime vaccination with bnt162b2, when circulating CD4+ T cells and neutralizing antibodies are still weakly detectable. Boost vaccination induced a robust expansion that generated highly differentiated effector CD8+ T cells; however, neither the functional capacity nor the memory precursor T cell pool was affected. Compared with natural infection, vaccine-induced early memory T cells exhibited similar functional capacities but a different subset distribution. Our results indicate that CD8+ T cells are important effector cells, are expanded in the early protection window after prime vaccination, precede maturation of other effector arms of vaccine-induced immunity and are stably maintained after boost vaccination.
Suggested Citation
Valerie Oberhardt & Hendrik Luxenburger & Janine Kemming & Isabel Schulien & Kevin Ciminski & Sebastian Giese & Benedikt Csernalabics & Julia Lang-Meli & Iga Janowska & Julian Staniek & Katharina Wild, 2021.
"Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8+ T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine,"
Nature, Nature, vol. 597(7875), pages 268-273, September.
Handle:
RePEc:nat:nature:v:597:y:2021:i:7875:d:10.1038_s41586-021-03841-4
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03841-4
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Citations
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Cited by:
- Wanbo Tai & Shengyong Feng & Benjie Chai & Shuaiyao Lu & Guangyu Zhao & Dong Chen & Wenhai Yu & Liting Ren & Huicheng Shi & Jing Lu & Zhuming Cai & Mujia Pang & Xu Tan & Penghua Wang & Jinzhong Lin & , 2023.
"An mRNA-based T-cell-inducing antigen strengthens COVID-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
- Cecily Choy & Joseph Chen & Jiangyuan Li & D. Travis Gallagher & Jian Lu & Daichao Wu & Ainslee Zou & Humza Hemani & Beverly A. Baptiste & Emily Wichmann & Qian Yang & Jeffrey Ciffelo & Rui Yin & Juli, 2023.
"SARS-CoV-2 infection establishes a stable and age-independent CD8+ T cell response against a dominant nucleocapsid epitope using restricted T cell receptors,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-19, December.
- Lena Jaki & Sebastian Weigang & Lisa Kern & Stefanie Kramme & Antoni G. Wrobel & Andrea B. Grawitz & Philipp Nawrath & Stephen R. Martin & Theo Dähne & Julius Beer & Miriam Disch & Philipp Kolb & Lisa, 2023.
"Total escape of SARS-CoV-2 from dual monoclonal antibody therapy in an immunocompromised patient,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
- Eva-Maria Jacobsen & Dorit Fabricius & Magdalena Class & Fernando Topfstedt & Raquel Lorenzetti & Iga Janowska & Franziska Schmidt & Julian Staniek & Maria Zernickel & Thomas Stamminger & Andrea N. Di, 2022.
"High antibody levels and reduced cellular response in children up to one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
- Matthias Reinscheid & Hendrik Luxenburger & Vivien Karl & Anne Graeser & Sebastian Giese & Kevin Ciminski & David B. Reeg & Valerie Oberhardt & Natascha Roehlen & Julia Lang-Meli & Kathrin Heim & Nina, 2022.
"COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine induces transient CD8+ T effector cell responses while conserving the memory pool for subsequent reactivation,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
- Jakob Ankerhold & Sebastian Giese & Philipp Kolb & Andrea Maul-Pavicic & Reinhard E. Voll & Nathalie Göppert & Kevin Ciminski & Clemens Kreutz & Achim Lother & Ulrich Salzer & Wolfgang Bildl & Tim Wel, 2022.
"Circulating multimeric immune complexes contribute to immunopathology in COVID-19,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
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