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A glucose-sensing neuron pair regulates insulin and glucagon in Drosophila

Author

Listed:
  • Yangkyun Oh

    (New York University School of Medicine)

  • Jason Sih-Yu Lai

    (New York University School of Medicine
    QPS-Qualitix Taiwan)

  • Holly J. Mills

    (New York University School of Medicine
    Ascend Public Charter Schools)

  • Hediye Erdjument-Bromage

    (New York University School of Medicine)

  • Benno Giammarinaro

    (New York University School of Medicine
    School of Optometry, UC Berkeley)

  • Khalil Saadipour

    (New York University School of Medicine)

  • Justin G. Wang

    (New York University School of Medicine
    Salk Institute for Biological Studies)

  • Farhan Abu

    (New York University School of Medicine
    Columbia University)

  • Thomas A. Neubert

    (New York University School of Medicine)

  • Greg S. B. Suh

    (New York University School of Medicine
    Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)

Abstract

Although glucose-sensing neurons were identified more than 50 years ago, the physiological role of glucose sensing in metazoans remains unclear. Here we identify a pair of glucose-sensing neurons with bifurcated axons in the brain of Drosophila. One axon branch projects to insulin-producing cells to trigger the release of Drosophila insulin-like peptide 2 (dilp2) and the other extends to adipokinetic hormone (AKH)–producing cells to inhibit secretion of AKH, the fly analogue of glucagon. These axonal branches undergo synaptic remodelling in response to changes in their internal energy status. Silencing of these glucose-sensing neurons largely disabled the response of insulin-producing cells to glucose and dilp2 secretion, disinhibited AKH secretion in corpora cardiaca and caused hyperglycaemia, a hallmark feature of diabetes mellitus. We propose that these glucose-sensing neurons maintain glucose homeostasis by promoting the secretion of dilp2 and suppressing the release of AKH when haemolymph glucose levels are high.

Suggested Citation

  • Yangkyun Oh & Jason Sih-Yu Lai & Holly J. Mills & Hediye Erdjument-Bromage & Benno Giammarinaro & Khalil Saadipour & Justin G. Wang & Farhan Abu & Thomas A. Neubert & Greg S. B. Suh, 2019. "A glucose-sensing neuron pair regulates insulin and glucagon in Drosophila," Nature, Nature, vol. 574(7779), pages 559-564, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:574:y:2019:i:7779:d:10.1038_s41586-019-1675-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1675-4
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    Cited by:

    1. Mami Nakamizo-Dojo & Kenichi Ishii & Jiro Yoshino & Masato Tsuji & Kazuo Emoto, 2023. "Descending GABAergic pathway links brain sugar-sensing to peripheral nociceptive gating in Drosophila," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-18, December.

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