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Inflation of 430-parsec bipolar radio bubbles in the Galactic Centre by an energetic event

Author

Listed:
  • I. Heywood

    (University of Oxford
    Rhodes University
    South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • F. Camilo

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • W. D. Cotton

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory
    National Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • F. Yusef-Zadeh

    (Northwestern University)

  • T. D. Abbott

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • R. M. Adam

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • M. A. Aldera

    (Tellumat (Pty) Ltd)

  • E. F. Bauermeister

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • R. S. Booth

    (Chalmers University of Technology)

  • A. G. Botha

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • D. H. Botha

    (EMSS Antennas (Pty) Ltd)

  • L. R. S. Brederode

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory
    SKA Organisation, Jodrell Bank)

  • Z. B. Brits

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • S. J. Buchner

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • J. P. Burger

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • J. M. Chalmers

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • T. Cheetham

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • D. Villiers

    (Stellenbosch University)

  • M. A. Dikgale-Mahlakoana

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • L. J. Toit

    (EMSS Antennas (Pty) Ltd)

  • S. W. P. Esterhuyse

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • B. L. Fanaroff

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • A. R. Foley

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • D. J. Fourie

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • R. R. G. Gamatham

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • S. Goedhart

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • S. Gounden

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • M. J. Hlakola

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • C. J. Hoek

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • A. Hokwana

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • D. M. Horn

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • J. M. G. Horrell

    (IDIA, University of Cape Town)

  • B. Hugo

    (Rhodes University
    South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • A. R. Isaacson

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • J. L. Jonas

    (Rhodes University
    South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • J. D. B. L. Jordaan

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory
    EMSS Antennas (Pty) Ltd)

  • A. F. Joubert

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • G. I. G. Józsa

    (Rhodes University
    South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • R. P. M. Julie

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • F. B. Kapp

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • J. S. Kenyon

    (Rhodes University)

  • P. P. A. Kotzé

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • H. Kriel

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • T. W. Kusel

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • R. Lehmensiek

    (EMSS Antennas (Pty) Ltd
    Cape Peninsula University of Technology)

  • D. Liebenberg

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • A. Loots

    (Presidential Infrastructure Coordinating Commission)

  • R. T. Lord

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • B. M. Lunsky

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • P. S. Macfarlane

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • L. G. Magnus

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • C. M. Magozore

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • O. Mahgoub

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • J. P. L. Main

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • J. A. Malan

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • R. D. Malgas

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • J. R. Manley

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • M. D. J. Maree

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • B. Merry

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • R. Millenaar

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • N. Mnyandu

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • I. P. T. Moeng

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • T. E. Monama

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • M. C. Mphego

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • W. S. New

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • B. Ngcebetsha

    (Rhodes University
    South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • N. Oozeer

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory
    African Institute for Mathematical Sciences)

  • A. J. Otto

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • S. S. Passmoor

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • A. A. Patel

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • A. Peens-Hough

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • S. J. Perkins

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • S. M. Ratcliffe

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • R. Renil

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • A. Rust

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • S. Salie

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • L. C. Schwardt

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • M. Serylak

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory
    University of the Western Cape)

  • R. Siebrits

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • S. K. Sirothia

    (Rhodes University
    South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • O. M. Smirnov

    (Rhodes University
    South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • L. Sofeya

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • P. S. Swart

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • C. Tasse

    (Rhodes University
    GEPI, CNRS, PSL Research University)

  • D. T. Taylor

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • I. P. Theron

    (Rhodes University
    EMSS Antennas (Pty) Ltd)

  • K. Thorat

    (Rhodes University
    South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • A. J. Tiplady

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • S. Tshongweni

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • T. J. Balla

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • A. Byl

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • C. Merwe

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • C. L. Dyk

    (Peralex Electronics (Pty) Ltd)

  • R. Rooyen

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • V. Tonder

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • R. Wyk

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • B. H. Wallace

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • M. G. Welz

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

  • L. P. Williams

    (South African Radio Astronomy Observatory)

Abstract

The Galactic Centre contains a supermassive black hole with a mass of four million Suns1 within an environment that differs markedly from that of the Galactic disk. Although the black hole is essentially quiescent in the broader context of active galactic nuclei, X-ray observations have provided evidence for energetic outbursts from its surroundings2. Also, although the levels of star formation in the Galactic Centre have been approximately constant over the past few hundred million years, there is evidence of increased short-duration bursts3, strongly influenced by the interaction of the black hole with the enhanced gas density present within the ring-like central molecular zone4 at Galactic longitude |l|

Suggested Citation

  • I. Heywood & F. Camilo & W. D. Cotton & F. Yusef-Zadeh & T. D. Abbott & R. M. Adam & M. A. Aldera & E. F. Bauermeister & R. S. Booth & A. G. Botha & D. H. Botha & L. R. S. Brederode & Z. B. Brits & S., 2019. "Inflation of 430-parsec bipolar radio bubbles in the Galactic Centre by an energetic event," Nature, Nature, vol. 573(7773), pages 235-237, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:573:y:2019:i:7773:d:10.1038_s41586-019-1532-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1532-5
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