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DEAD-box ATPases are global regulators of phase-separated organelles

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Hondele

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Ruchika Sachdev

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Stephanie Heinrich

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Juan Wang

    (University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)

  • Pascal Vallotton

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Beatriz M. A. Fontoura

    (University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)

  • Karsten Weis

    (ETH Zurich)

Abstract

The ability of proteins and nucleic acids to undergo liquid–liquid phase separation has recently emerged as an important molecular principle of how cells rapidly and reversibly compartmentalize their components into membrane-less organelles such as the nucleolus, processing bodies or stress granules1,2. How the assembly and turnover of these organelles are controlled, and how these biological condensates selectively recruit or release components are poorly understood. Here we show that members of the large and highly abundant family of RNA-dependent DEAD-box ATPases (DDXs)3 are regulators of RNA-containing phase-separated organelles in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Using in vitro reconstitution and in vivo experiments, we demonstrate that DDXs promote phase separation in their ATP-bound form, whereas ATP hydrolysis induces compartment turnover and release of RNA. This mechanism of membrane-less organelle regulation reveals a principle of cellular organization that is conserved from bacteria to humans. Furthermore, we show that DDXs control RNA flux into and out of phase-separated organelles, and thus propose that a cellular network of dynamic, DDX-controlled compartments establishes biochemical reaction centres that provide cells with spatial and temporal control of various RNA-processing steps, which could regulate the composition and fate of ribonucleoprotein particles.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Hondele & Ruchika Sachdev & Stephanie Heinrich & Juan Wang & Pascal Vallotton & Beatriz M. A. Fontoura & Karsten Weis, 2019. "DEAD-box ATPases are global regulators of phase-separated organelles," Nature, Nature, vol. 573(7772), pages 144-148, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:573:y:2019:i:7772:d:10.1038_s41586-019-1502-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1502-y
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Marcos Gil-Garcia & Ana I. Benítez-Mateos & Marcell Papp & Florence Stoffel & Chiara Morelli & Karl Normak & Katarzyna Makasewicz & Lenka Faltova & Francesca Paradisi & Paolo Arosio, 2024. "Local environment in biomolecular condensates modulates enzymatic activity across length scales," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Ebru Aydin & Silke Schreiner & Jacqueline Böhme & Birte Keil & Jan Weber & Bojan Žunar & Timo Glatter & Cornelia Kilchert, 2024. "DEAD-box ATPase Dbp2 is the key enzyme in an mRNP assembly checkpoint at the 3’-end of genes and involved in the recycling of cleavage factors," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    3. Aidan M. Fenix & Yuichiro Miyaoka & Alessandro Bertero & Steven M. Blue & Matthew J. Spindler & Kenneth K. B. Tan & Juan A. Perez-Bermejo & Amanda H. Chan & Steven J. Mayerl & Trieu D. Nguyen & Caitli, 2021. "Gain-of-function cardiomyopathic mutations in RBM20 rewire splicing regulation and re-distribute ribonucleoprotein granules within processing bodies," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Damian Wollny & Benjamin Vernot & Jie Wang & Maria Hondele & Aram Safrastyan & Franziska Aron & Julia Micheel & Zhisong He & Anthony Hyman & Karsten Weis & J. Gray Camp & T.‐Y. Dora Tang & Barbara Tre, 2022. "Characterization of RNA content in individual phase-separated coacervate microdroplets," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    5. Zhaowei Yu & Qi Wang & Qichen Zhang & Yawen Tian & Guo Yan & Jidong Zhu & Guangya Zhu & Yong Zhang, 2024. "Decoding the genomic landscape of chromatin-associated biomolecular condensates," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.
    6. Bing-Ze Yang & Mei-Yin Liu & Kuan-Lin Chiu & Yuh-Ling Chien & Ching-An Cheng & Yu-Lin Chen & Li-Yu Tsui & Keng-Ru Lin & Hsueh-Ping Catherine Chu & Ching-Shyi Peter Wu, 2024. "DHX9 SUMOylation is required for the suppression of R-loop-associated genome instability," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, December.
    7. Miriam Linsenmeier & Maria Hondele & Fulvio Grigolato & Eleonora Secchi & Karsten Weis & Paolo Arosio, 2022. "Dynamic arrest and aging of biomolecular condensates are modulated by low-complexity domains, RNA and biochemical activity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    8. Johanna Luige & Alexandros Armaos & Gian Gaetano Tartaglia & Ulf Andersson Vang Ørom, 2024. "Predicting nuclear G-quadruplex RNA-binding proteins with roles in transcription and phase separation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    9. Sheung Chun Ng & Abin Biswas & Trevor Huyton & Jürgen Schünemann & Simone Reber & Dirk Görlich, 2023. "Barrier properties of Nup98 FG phases ruled by FG motif identity and inter-FG spacer length," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-17, December.
    10. Etienne Jambon-Puillet & Andrea Testa & Charlotta Lorenz & Robert W. Style & Aleksander A. Rebane & Eric R. Dufresne, 2024. "Phase-separated droplets swim to their dissolution," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    11. Karl E. Bauer & Niklas Bargenda & Rico Schieweck & Christin Illig & Inmaculada Segura & Max Harner & Michael A. Kiebler, 2022. "RNA supply drives physiological granule assembly in neurons," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.

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