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Segmented lateral dyke growth in a rifting event at Bárðarbunga volcanic system, Iceland

Author

Listed:
  • Freysteinn Sigmundsson

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Andrew Hooper

    (Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes and Tectonics (COMET), School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Sigrún Hreinsdóttir

    (GNS Science, PO Box 30368, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand)

  • Kristín S. Vogfjörd

    (Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Benedikt G. Ófeigsson

    (Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Elías Rafn Heimisson

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Stéphanie Dumont

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Michelle Parks

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Karsten Spaans

    (Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes and Tectonics (COMET), School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Gunnar B. Gudmundsson

    (Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Vincent Drouin

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Thóra Árnadóttir

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Kristín Jónsdóttir

    (Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Magnús T. Gudmundsson

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Thórdís Högnadóttir

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Hildur María Fridriksdóttir

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland
    Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Martin Hensch

    (Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Páll Einarsson

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Eyjólfur Magnússon

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Sergey Samsonov

    (Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation, Natural Resources Canada, 560 Rochester Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E4, Canada)

  • Bryndís Brandsdóttir

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Robert S. White

    (University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK)

  • Thorbjörg Ágústsdóttir

    (University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK)

  • Tim Greenfield

    (University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK)

  • Robert G. Green

    (University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK)

  • Ásta Rut Hjartardóttir

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Rikke Pedersen

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Richard A. Bennett

    (University of Arizona)

  • Halldór Geirsson

    (The Pennsylvania State University, University Park)

  • Peter C. La Femina

    (The Pennsylvania State University, University Park)

  • Helgi Björnsson

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Finnur Pálsson

    (Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • Erik Sturkell

    (University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Christopher J. Bean

    (Seismology Laboratory, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland)

  • Martin Möllhoff

    (Seismology Laboratory, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland)

  • Aoife K. Braiden

    (Seismology Laboratory, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland)

  • Eva P. S. Eibl

    (Seismology Laboratory, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland)

Abstract

Seismicity and ground deformation measurements show how a recent segmented dyke intrusion in the Bárðarbunga volcanic system in Iceland grew laterally for 45 kilometres over 14 days; dyke opening and seismicity were focused at the most distal segment, where lateral dyke growth with segment barrier breaking by pressure build-up occurred.

Suggested Citation

  • Freysteinn Sigmundsson & Andrew Hooper & Sigrún Hreinsdóttir & Kristín S. Vogfjörd & Benedikt G. Ófeigsson & Elías Rafn Heimisson & Stéphanie Dumont & Michelle Parks & Karsten Spaans & Gunnar B. Gudmu, 2015. "Segmented lateral dyke growth in a rifting event at Bárðarbunga volcanic system, Iceland," Nature, Nature, vol. 517(7533), pages 191-195, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:517:y:2015:i:7533:d:10.1038_nature14111
    DOI: 10.1038/nature14111
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    Cited by:

    1. S. Barsotti & M. M. Parks & M. A. Pfeffer & B. A. Óladóttir & T. Barnie & M. M. Titos & K. Jónsdóttir & G. B. M. Pedersen & Á. R. Hjartardóttir & G. Stefansdóttir & T. Johannsson & Þ. Arason & M. T. G, 2023. "The eruption in Fagradalsfjall (2021, Iceland): how the operational monitoring and the volcanic hazard assessment contributed to its safe access," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 116(3), pages 3063-3092, April.

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