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Properties of galaxies reproduced by a hydrodynamic simulation

Author

Listed:
  • M. Vogelsberger

    (Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • S. Genel

    (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street)

  • V. Springel

    (Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
    Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, ARI, Mönchhofstrasse 12-14, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany)

  • P. Torrey

    (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street)

  • D. Sijacki

    (Kavli Institute for Cosmology, and Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK)

  • D. Xu

    (Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany)

  • G. Snyder

    (Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive)

  • S. Bird

    (Institute for Advanced Study, 1 Einstein Drive)

  • D. Nelson

    (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street)

  • L. Hernquist

    (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street)

Abstract

Previous simulations of the growth of cosmic structures have broadly reproduced the ‘cosmic web’ of galaxies that we see in the Universe, but failed to create a mixed population of elliptical and spiral galaxies, because of numerical inaccuracies and incomplete physical models. Moreover, they were unable to track the small-scale evolution of gas and stars to the present epoch within a representative portion of the Universe. Here we report a simulation that starts 12 million years after the Big Bang, and traces 13 billion years of cosmic evolution with 12 billion resolution elements in a cube of 106.5 megaparsecs a side. It yields a reasonable population of ellipticals and spirals, reproduces the observed distribution of galaxies in clusters and characteristics of hydrogen on large scales, and at the same time matches the ‘metal’ and hydrogen content of galaxies on small scales.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Vogelsberger & S. Genel & V. Springel & P. Torrey & D. Sijacki & D. Xu & G. Snyder & S. Bird & D. Nelson & L. Hernquist, 2014. "Properties of galaxies reproduced by a hydrodynamic simulation," Nature, Nature, vol. 509(7499), pages 177-182, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:509:y:2014:i:7499:d:10.1038_nature13316
    DOI: 10.1038/nature13316
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