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Sea-level and deep-sea-temperature variability over the past 5.3 million years

Author

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  • E. J. Rohling

    (Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia
    Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK)

  • G. L. Foster

    (Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK)

  • K. M. Grant

    (Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia)

  • G. Marino

    (Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia)

  • A. P. Roberts

    (Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia)

  • M. E. Tamisiea

    (National Oceanography Centre, Joseph Proudman Building, Liverpool L3 5DA, UK)

  • F. Williams

    (Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK)

Abstract

Ice volume (and hence sea level) and deep-sea temperature are key measures of global climate change. Sea level has been documented using several independent methods over the past 0.5 million years (Myr). Older periods, however, lack such independent validation; all existing records are related to deep-sea oxygen isotope (δ18O) data that are influenced by processes unrelated to sea level. For deep-sea temperature, only one continuous high-resolution (Mg/Ca-based) record exists, with related sea-level estimates, spanning the past 1.5 Myr. Here we present a novel sea-level reconstruction, with associated estimates of deep-sea temperature, which independently validates the previous 0–1.5 Myr reconstruction and extends it back to 5.3 Myr ago. We find that deep-sea temperature and sea level generally decreased through time, but distinctly out of synchrony, which is remarkable given the importance of ice-albedo feedbacks on the radiative forcing of climate. In particular, we observe a large temporal offset during the onset of Plio-Pleistocene ice ages, between a marked cooling step at 2.73 Myr ago and the first major glaciation at 2.15 Myr ago. Last, we tentatively infer that ice sheets may have grown largest during glacials with more modest reductions in deep-sea temperature.

Suggested Citation

  • E. J. Rohling & G. L. Foster & K. M. Grant & G. Marino & A. P. Roberts & M. E. Tamisiea & F. Williams, 2014. "Sea-level and deep-sea-temperature variability over the past 5.3 million years," Nature, Nature, vol. 508(7497), pages 477-482, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:508:y:2014:i:7497:d:10.1038_nature13230
    DOI: 10.1038/nature13230
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    Cited by:

    1. Jun Zhang & Xiao-Qian Li & Huan-Wen Peng & Lisi Hai & Andrey S. Erst & Florian Jabbour & Rosa del C. Ortiz & Fu-Cai Xia & Pamela S. Soltis & Douglas E. Soltis & Wei Wang, 2023. "Evolutionary history of the Arctic flora," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    2. Joshua D. Bridges & John A. Tarduno & Rory D. Cottrell & Timothy D. Herbert, 2023. "Rapid strengthening of westerlies accompanied intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Hsun-Ming Hu & Gianluca Marino & Carlos Pérez-Mejías & Christoph Spötl & Yusuke Yokoyama & Jimin Yu & Eelco Rohling & Akihiro Kano & Patrick Ludwig & Joaquim G. Pinto & Véronique Michel & Patricia Val, 2024. "Sustained North Atlantic warming drove anomalously intense MIS 11c interglacial," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.

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