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The environment and schizophrenia

Author

Listed:
  • Jim van Os

    (European Graduate School for Neuroscience, SEARCH, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
    King’s College London, King’s Health Partners, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, UK)

  • Gunter Kenis

    (European Graduate School for Neuroscience, SEARCH, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands)

  • Bart P. F. Rutten

    (European Graduate School for Neuroscience, SEARCH, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Schizophrenia today: three views of the future Three Perspectives in this issue cover different aspects of the current state of our knowledge about schizophrenia. Thomas Insel, director of the US National Institute of Mental Health in Bethesda, Maryland, outlines a new approach to schizophrenia that could in time lead to new treatments. He calls for schizophrenia to be emphasized as a neurodevelopmental disorder in which psychosis is a late — and potentially curable — stage. Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, director of the Central Institute of Mental Health in Mannheim, Germany, explains how neuroimaging and other systems-level techniques can help develop future treatment. And Jim van Os, Gunter Kenis and Bart Rutten review our knowledge of the environmental factors that influence schizophrenia risk, and the major challenges that will be involved in teasing them out.

Suggested Citation

  • Jim van Os & Gunter Kenis & Bart P. F. Rutten, 2010. "The environment and schizophrenia," Nature, Nature, vol. 468(7321), pages 203-212, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:468:y:2010:i:7321:d:10.1038_nature09563
    DOI: 10.1038/nature09563
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    1. Magdalena M.H.E. Van den Berg & Jolanda Maas & Rianne Muller & Anoek Braun & Wendy Kaandorp & René Van Lien & Mireille N.M. Van Poppel & Willem Van Mechelen & Agnes E. Van den Berg, 2015. "Autonomic Nervous System Responses to Viewing Green and Built Settings: Differentiating Between Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Jessica L Reed & Enrico D’Ambrosio & Stefano Marenco & Gianluca Ursini & Amanda B Zheutlin & Giuseppe Blasi & Barbara E Spencer & Raffaella Romano & Jesse Hochheiser & Ann Reifman & Justin Sturm & Kar, 2018. "Interaction of childhood urbanicity and variation in dopamine genes alters adult prefrontal function as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(4), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Pei Yi Lim & Denise Dillon & Peter K. H. Chew, 2020. "A Guide to Nature Immersion: Psychological and Physiological Benefits," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-26, August.
    4. Emanuele Cannizzaro & Tiziana Ramaci & Luigi Cirrincione & Fulvio Plescia, 2019. "Work-Related Stress, Physio-Pathological Mechanisms, and the Influence of Environmental Genetic Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-10, October.
    5. Giulia Menculini & Francesco Bernardini & Luigi Attademo & Pierfrancesco Maria Balducci & Tiziana Sciarma & Patrizia Moretti & Alfonso Tortorella, 2021. "The Influence of the Urban Environment on Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Air Pollution and Migration—A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-13, April.
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    9. JianZhong Yang & ChuanYuan Kang & Yong Zeng & JianHua Li & PeiKai Li & WenPeng Wan & XuDong Zhao & WanJun Guo & XiuFeng Xu & XiaoBin Yang & QiuYuan Li & XiaoYan Liu & Sung-Chan Pauline, 2014. "Prevalence and prognosis of schizophrenia in Jinuo people in China: A prospective 30-year follow-up study," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 60(5), pages 482-488, August.
    10. Luca S. D’Acci, 2020. "Urbanicity mental costs valuation: a review and urban-societal planning consideration," Mind & Society: Cognitive Studies in Economics and Social Sciences, Springer;Fondazione Rosselli, vol. 19(2), pages 223-235, November.
    11. Elder Lanzani Freitas & Alexandre Andrade Loch & Camille Chianca & Julio Cesar Andrade & Mauricio Henriques Serpa & Tania Maria Alves & Lucas Hortêncio & Marcel Tavares Camilo Pinto & Martinus Theodo, 2020. "Childhood maltreatment in individuals at risk of psychosis: Results from the Brazilian SSAPP cohort," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 66(6), pages 566-575, September.
    12. Smith, Melissa E. & Sharpe, Tanya L. & Richardson, Joseph & Pahwa, Rohini & Smith, Dominique & DeVylder, Jordan, 2020. "The impact of exposure to gun violence fatality on mental health outcomes in four urban U.S. settings," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    13. Tian Zhang & Jun Li & Hao Yu & Yongyong Shi & Zhiqiang Li & Linyan Wang & Ziqi Wang & Tianlan Lu & Lifang Wang & Weihua Yue & Dai Zhang, 2018. "Meta-analysis of GABRB2 polymorphisms and the risk of schizophrenia combined with GWAS data of the Han Chinese population and psychiatric genomics consortium," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(6), pages 1-12, June.
    14. Sanne C T Peeters & Vincent van de Ven & Ed H B M Gronenschild & Ameera X Patel & Petra Habets & Rainer Goebel & Jim van Os & Machteld Marcelis & Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (G.R.O.U.P.), 2015. "Default Mode Network Connectivity as a Function of Familial and Environmental Risk for Psychotic Disorder," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-19, March.
    15. Christine Bertram & Jan Goebel & Christian Krekel & Katrin Rehdanz, 2022. "Urban Land Use Fragmentation and Human Well-Being," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 98(2), pages 399-420.
    16. Agnieszka Markiewicz-Gospodarek & Aleksandra Górska & Renata Markiewicz & Zuzanna Chilimoniuk & Marcin Czeczelewski & Jacek Baj & Ryszard Maciejewski & Jolanta Masiak, 2022. "The Relationship between Mental Disorders and the COVID-19 Pandemic—Course, Risk Factors, and Potential Consequences," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-18, August.
    17. J. Patrick Malone, 2012. "The Systems Theory of Autistogenesis," SAGE Open, , vol. 2(2), pages 21582440124, April.
    18. Soile Puhakka & Riitta Pyky & Tiina Lankila & Maarit Kangas & Jarmo Rusanen & Tiina M. Ikäheimo & Heli Koivumaa-Honkanen & Raija Korpelainen, 2018. "Physical Activity, Residential Environment, and Nature Relatedness in Young Men—A Population-Based MOPO Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-12, October.
    19. Wei Yu & Jie Tong & Xirong Sun & Fazhan Chen & Jie Zhang & Yu Pei & Tingting Zhang & Jiechun Zhang & Binggen Zhu, 2021. "Analysis of Medication Adherence and Its Influencing Factors in Patients with Schizophrenia in the Chinese Institutional Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-10, April.
    20. Jorge L. Tizón & Noemí Morales & Jordi Artigue & Yanet Quijada & Conxita Pérez & Francesc Pareja & Manel Salamero, 2014. "Delusional disorders: Prevalence in two socially differentiated neighborhoods of Barcelona," Psychosis, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 6(2), pages 107-116, April.
    21. Lærke Mygind & Matt P. Stevenson & Lasse S. Liebst & Ivana Konvalinka & Peter Bentsen, 2018. "Stress Response and Cognitive Performance Modulation in Classroom versus Natural Environments: A Quasi-Experimental Pilot Study with Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-15, May.
    22. Anna Butjosa & Judith Usall & Regina Vila-Badia & Gisela Mezquida & Manuel J Cuesta & Elisa Rodríguez-Toscano & Silvia Amoretti & Antonio Lobo & Ana González-Pinto & Ana Espliego & Iluminada Corripi, 2023. "Impact of traumatic life events on clinical variables of individuals with first-episode psychosis and healthy controls," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(1), pages 134-145, February.
    23. Jingchun Chen & Darlene H Brunzell & Kia Jackson & Andrew van der Vaart & Jennie Z Ma & Thomas J Payne & Richard Sherva & Lindsay A Farrer & Pablo Gejman & Douglas F Levinson & Peter Holmans & Steven , 2011. "ACSL6 Is Associated with the Number of Cigarettes Smoked and Its Expression Is Altered by Chronic Nicotine Exposure," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(12), pages 1-10, December.

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