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Magma-compensated crustal thinning in continental rift zones

Author

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  • H. Thybo

    (University of Copenhagen, Oester Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark)

  • C. A. Nielsen

    (University of Copenhagen, Oester Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark)

Abstract

Magma at continental rift zones Continental rifts are elongated depressions in the Earth's surface, often more than 1,000 km long, 20 km wide, and 10 km deep, filled with sediments and volcanic rocks. Conventional models of rift zones include three characteristic features: surface manifestation as an elongated topographic trough, Moho shallowing due to crustal thinning, and reduced seismic velocity in the uppermost mantle. Hans Thybo and Christoffer Nielsen present a new seismic profile that demonstrates that the Baikal Rift Zone in Siberia displays only one of these characteristic features, the elongated surface trough. There is a localized zone in the lower crust with exceptionally high seismic velocity and high reflectivity. The expected Moho uplift appears to have been compensated by magmatic intrusion into the lower crust, producing the observed high-velocity zone. This finding points to a previously unknown role for magmatism in rifting.

Suggested Citation

  • H. Thybo & C. A. Nielsen, 2009. "Magma-compensated crustal thinning in continental rift zones," Nature, Nature, vol. 457(7231), pages 873-876, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:457:y:2009:i:7231:d:10.1038_nature07688
    DOI: 10.1038/nature07688
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhipeng Zhou & Hans Thybo & Irina M. Artemieva & Timothy Kusky & Chi-Chia Tang, 2024. "Crustal melting and continent uplift by mafic underplating at convergent boundaries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. A. Rosa & C. Pagli & H. Wang & F. Sigmundsson & V. Pinel & D. Keir, 2024. "Simultaneous rift-scale inflation of a deep crustal sill network in Afar, East Africa," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.

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