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Recognition of microorganisms and activation of the immune response

Author

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  • Ruslan Medzhitov

    (Yale University School of Medicine)

Abstract

The mammalian immune system has innate and adaptive components, which cooperate to protect the host against microbial infections. The innate immune system consists of functionally distinct 'modules' that evolved to provide different forms of protection against pathogens. It senses pathogens through pattern-recognition receptors, which trigger the activation of antimicrobial defences and stimulate the adaptive immune response. The adaptive immune system, in turn, activates innate effector mechanisms in an antigen-specific manner. The connections between the various immune components are not fully understood, but recent progress brings us closer to an integrated view of the immune system and its function in host defence.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruslan Medzhitov, 2007. "Recognition of microorganisms and activation of the immune response," Nature, Nature, vol. 449(7164), pages 819-826, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:449:y:2007:i:7164:d:10.1038_nature06246
    DOI: 10.1038/nature06246
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    Cited by:

    1. Jinying Tan & Ruangang Pan & Lei Qiao & Xiufen Zou & Zishu Pan, 2012. "Modeling and Dynamical Analysis of Virus-Triggered Innate Immune Signaling Pathways," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(10), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Haiyan Gu & Jing Yang & Jiayu Zhang & Ying Song & Yao Zhang & Pengfei Xu & Yuanxiang Zhu & Liangliang Wang & Pengfei Zhang & Lin Li & Dahua Chen & Qinmiao Sun, 2022. "PCBP2 maintains antiviral signaling homeostasis by regulating cGAS enzymatic activity via antagonizing its condensation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
    3. Richard G. Everson & Willy Hugo & Lu Sun & Joseph Antonios & Alexander Lee & Lizhong Ding & Melissa Bu & Sara Khattab & Carolina Chavez & Emma Billingslea-Yoon & Andres Salazar & Benjamin M. Ellingson, 2024. "TLR agonists polarize interferon responses in conjunction with dendritic cell vaccination in malignant glioma: a randomized phase II Trial," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    4. Anastasia Mozokhina & Latifa Ait Mahiout & Vitaly Volpert, 2023. "Modeling of Viral Infection with Inflammation," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-15, September.
    5. Liu, P.F. & Chu, J.K. & Hou, S.J. & Xu, P. & Zheng, J.Y., 2012. "Numerical simulation and optimal design for composite high-pressure hydrogen storage vessel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 1817-1827.
    6. Yiyuan Xia & Yifan Xiao & Zhi-Hao Wang & Xia Liu & Ashfaqul M. Alam & John P. Haran & Beth A. McCormick & Xiji Shu & Xiaochuan Wang & Keqiang Ye, 2023. "Bacteroides Fragilis in the gut microbiomes of Alzheimer’s disease activates microglia and triggers pathogenesis in neuronal C/EBPβ transgenic mice," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-20, December.

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