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Analysis of one million base pairs of Neanderthal DNA

Author

Listed:
  • Richard E. Green

    (Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology)

  • Johannes Krause

    (Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology)

  • Susan E. Ptak

    (Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology)

  • Adrian W. Briggs

    (Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology)

  • Michael T. Ronan

    (454 Life Sciences)

  • Jan F. Simons

    (454 Life Sciences)

  • Lei Du

    (454 Life Sciences)

  • Michael Egholm

    (454 Life Sciences)

  • Jonathan M. Rothberg

    (454 Life Sciences)

  • Maja Paunovic

    (Institute of Quaternary Paleontology and Geology, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts)

  • Svante Pääbo

    (Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology)

Abstract

Neanderthals are the extinct hominid group most closely related to contemporary humans, so their genome offers a unique opportunity to identify genetic changes specific to anatomically fully modern humans. We have identified a 38,000-year-old Neanderthal fossil that is exceptionally free of contamination from modern human DNA. Direct high-throughput sequencing of a DNA extract from this fossil has thus far yielded over one million base pairs of hominoid nuclear DNA sequences. Comparison with the human and chimpanzee genomes reveals that modern human and Neanderthal DNA sequences diverged on average about 500,000 years ago. Existing technology and fossil resources are now sufficient to initiate a Neanderthal genome-sequencing effort.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard E. Green & Johannes Krause & Susan E. Ptak & Adrian W. Briggs & Michael T. Ronan & Jan F. Simons & Lei Du & Michael Egholm & Jonathan M. Rothberg & Maja Paunovic & Svante Pääbo, 2006. "Analysis of one million base pairs of Neanderthal DNA," Nature, Nature, vol. 444(7117), pages 330-336, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:444:y:2006:i:7117:d:10.1038_nature05336
    DOI: 10.1038/nature05336
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    Cited by:

    1. Haodong Ye & Jun Wen & Xingpeng Xu & Jiayu Li & Zhaopeng Lv & Yueping Su, 2024. "Study on the Geographical Spatial Characteristics of Forest Health Resorts in Fujian Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Cyran, Krzysztof A. & Kimmel, Marek, 2010. "Alternatives to the Wright–Fisher model: The robustness of mitochondrial Eve dating," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 78(3), pages 165-172.

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