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An olivine-free mantle source of Hawaiian shield basalts

Author

Listed:
  • Alexander V. Sobolev

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie
    Russian Academy of Sciences)

  • Albrecht W. Hofmann

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie)

  • Stephan V. Sobolev

    (GeoForschungsZentrum
    Russian Academy of Sciences)

  • Igor K. Nikogosian

    (Utrecht University
    Vrije Universiteit)

Abstract

More than 50 per cent of the Earth's upper mantle consists of olivine and it is generally thought that mantle-derived melts are generated in equilibrium with this mineral. Here, however, we show that the unusually high nickel and silicon contents of most parental Hawaiian magmas are inconsistent with a deep olivine-bearing source, because this mineral together with pyroxene buffers both nickel and silicon at lower levels. This can be resolved if the olivine of the mantle peridotite is consumed by reaction with melts derived from recycled oceanic crust, to form a secondary pyroxenitic source. Our modelling shows that more than half of Hawaiian magmas formed during the past 1 Myr came from this source. In addition, we estimate that the proportion of recycled (oceanic) crust varies from 30 per cent near the plume centre to insignificant levels at the plume edge. These results are also consistent with volcano volumes, magma volume flux and seismological observations.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexander V. Sobolev & Albrecht W. Hofmann & Stephan V. Sobolev & Igor K. Nikogosian, 2005. "An olivine-free mantle source of Hawaiian shield basalts," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7033), pages 590-597, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:434:y:2005:i:7033:d:10.1038_nature03411
    DOI: 10.1038/nature03411
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    Cited by:

    1. Junlong Yang & Chao Wang & Junfeng Zhang & Zhenmin Jin, 2023. "Genesis of Hawaiian lavas by crystallization of picritic magma in the deep mantle," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.

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