IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/nature/v434y2005i7031d10.1038_nature03440.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome

Author

Listed:
  • Mark T. Ross

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Darren V. Grafham

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alison J. Coffey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Steven Scherer

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Kirsten McLay

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Donna Muzny

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Matthias Platzer

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Gareth R. Howell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Christine Burrows

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Christine P. Bird

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Adam Frankish

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Frances L. Lovell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kevin L. Howe

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jennifer L. Ashurst

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Robert S. Fulton

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • Ralf Sudbrak

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics
    Christian-Albrechts-University)

  • Gaiping Wen

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Matthew C. Jones

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Matthew E. Hurles

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • T. Daniel Andrews

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Carol E. Scott

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Stephen Searle

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Juliane Ramser

    (Medizinische Genetik, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität)

  • Adam Whittaker

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Rebecca Deadman

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Nigel P. Carter

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sarah E. Hunt

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Rui Chen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Andrew Cree

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Preethi Gunaratne

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Paul Havlak

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Anne Hodgson

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Michael L. Metzker

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Stephen Richards

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Graham Scott

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David Steffen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Erica Sodergren

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David A. Wheeler

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Kim C. Worley

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Rachael Ainscough

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kerrie D. Ambrose

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • M. Ali Ansari-Lari

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Swaroop Aradhya

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Robert I. S. Ashwell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Anne K. Babbage

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Claire L. Bagguley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Andrea Ballabio

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Ruby Banerjee

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Gary E. Barker

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Karen F. Barlow

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Ian P. Barrett

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Karen N. Bates

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David M. Beare

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Helen Beasley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Oliver Beasley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alfred Beck

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Graeme Bethel

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Karin Blechschmidt

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Nicola Brady

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sarah Bray-Allen

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Anne M. Bridgeman

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Andrew J. Brown

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Mary J. Brown

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David Bonnin

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Elspeth A. Bruford

    (University College London)

  • Christian Buhay

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Paula Burch

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Deborah Burford

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Joanne Burgess

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Wayne Burrill

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • John Burton

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jackie M. Bye

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Carol Carder

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Laura Carrel

    (Pennsylvania State College of Medicine)

  • Joseph Chako

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Joanne C. Chapman

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Dean Chavez

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Ellson Chen

    (PE-Applied Biosystems)

  • Guan Chen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Yuan Chen

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Zhijian Chen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Craig Chinault

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Alfredo Ciccodicola

    (Adriano Buzzati-Traverso)

  • Sue Y. Clark

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Graham Clarke

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Chris M. Clee

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sheila Clegg

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kerstin Clerc-Blankenburg

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Karen Clifford

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Vicky Cobley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Charlotte G. Cole

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jen S. Conquer

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Nicole Corby

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard E. Connor

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Robert David

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Joy Davies

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Clay Davis

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • John Davis

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Oliver Delgado

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Denise DeShazo

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Pawandeep Dhami

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Yan Ding

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Huyen Dinh

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Steve Dodsworth

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Heather Draper

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Shannon Dugan-Rocha

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Andrew Dunham

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Matthew Dunn

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • K. James Durbin

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Ireena Dutta

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Tamsin Eades

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Matthew Ellwood

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alexandra Emery-Cohen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Helen Errington

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kathryn L. Evans

    (University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital)

  • Louisa Faulkner

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Fiona Francis

    (Université Paris V.)

  • John Frankland

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Audrey E. Fraser

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Petra Galgoczy

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • James Gilbert

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Rachel Gill

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Gernot Glöckner

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Simon G. Gregory

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Susan Gribble

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Coline Griffiths

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Russell Grocock

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Yanghong Gu

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Rhian Gwilliam

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Cerissa Hamilton

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Elizabeth A. Hart

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alicia Hawes

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Paul D. Heath

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Katja Heitmann

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Steffen Hennig

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Judith Hernandez

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Bernd Hinzmann

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Sarah Ho

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Michael Hoffs

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Phillip J. Howden

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Elizabeth J. Huckle

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jennifer Hume

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Paul J. Hunt

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Adrienne R. Hunt

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Judith Isherwood

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Leni Jacob

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David Johnson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sally Jones

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Pieter J. de Jong

    (BACPAC Resources, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute)

  • Shirin S. Joseph

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Stephen Keenan

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Susan Kelly

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Joanne K. Kershaw

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Ziad Khan

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Petra Kioschis

    (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum)

  • Sven Klages

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Andrew J. Knights

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Anna Kosiura

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Christie Kovar-Smith

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Gavin K. Laird

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Cordelia Langford

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Stephanie Lawlor

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Margaret Leversha

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Lora Lewis

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Wen Liu

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Christine Lloyd

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David M. Lloyd

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Hermela Loulseged

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Jane E. Loveland

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jamieson D. Lovell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Ryan Lozado

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Jing Lu

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Rachael Lyne

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jie Ma

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Manjula Maheshwari

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Lucy H. Matthews

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jennifer McDowall

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Stuart McLaren

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Amanda McMurray

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Patrick Meidl

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Thomas Meitinger

    (Institute of Human Genetics, GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health)

  • Sarah Milne

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • George Miner

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Shailesh L. Mistry

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Margaret Morgan

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Sidney Morris

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Ines Müller

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics
    RZPD Resource Center for Genome Research)

  • James C. Mullikin

    (National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health)

  • Ngoc Nguyen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Gabriele Nordsiek

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Gerald Nyakatura

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Christopher N. O'Dell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Geoffery Okwuonu

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Sophie Palmer

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard Pandian

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David Parker

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Julia Parrish

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Shiran Pasternak

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Dina Patel

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alex V. Pearce

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Danita M. Pearson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sarah E. Pelan

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Lesette Perez

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Keith M. Porter

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Yvonne Ramsey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kathrin Reichwald

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Susan Rhodes

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kerry A. Ridler

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David Schlessinger

    (National Institute on Aging)

  • Mary G. Schueler

    (National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health)

  • Harminder K. Sehra

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Charles Shaw-Smith

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Hua Shen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Elizabeth M. Sheridan

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Ratna Shownkeen

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Carl D. Skuce

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Michelle L. Smith

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Elizabeth C. Sotheran

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Helen E. Steingruber

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Charles A. Steward

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Roy Storey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • R. Mark Swann

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David Swarbreck

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Paul E. Tabor

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Stefan Taudien

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Tineace Taylor

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Brian Teague

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Karen Thomas

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Andrea Thorpe

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kirsten Timms

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Alan Tracey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Steve Trevanion

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Anthony C. Tromans

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Michele d'Urso

    (Adriano Buzzati-Traverso)

  • Daniel Verduzco

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Donna Villasana

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Lenee Waldron

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Melanie Wall

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Qiaoyan Wang

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • James Warren

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Georgina L. Warry

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Xuehong Wei

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Anthony West

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Siobhan L. Whitehead

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Mathew N. Whiteley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jane E. Wilkinson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David L. Willey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Gabrielle Williams

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Leanne Williams

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Angela Williamson

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Helen Williamson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Laurens Wilming

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Rebecca L. Woodmansey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Paul W. Wray

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jennifer Yen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Jingkun Zhang

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Jianling Zhou

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Huda Zoghbi

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Sara Zorilla

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David Buck

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard Reinhardt

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Annemarie Poustka

    (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum)

  • André Rosenthal

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Hans Lehrach

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Alfons Meindl

    (Medizinische Genetik, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität)

  • Patrick J. Minx

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • LaDeana W. Hillier

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • Huntington F. Willard

    (Duke University)

  • Richard K. Wilson

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • Robert H. Waterston

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • Catherine M. Rice

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Mark Vaudin

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alan Coulson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David L. Nelson

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • George Weinstock

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • John E. Sulston

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard Durbin

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Tim Hubbard

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard A. Gibbs

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Stephan Beck

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jane Rogers

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David R. Bentley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

Abstract

The human X chromosome has a unique biology that was shaped by its evolution as the sex chromosome shared by males and females. We have determined 99.3% of the euchromatic sequence of the X chromosome. Our analysis illustrates the autosomal origin of the mammalian sex chromosomes, the stepwise process that led to the progressive loss of recombination between X and Y, and the extent of subsequent degradation of the Y chromosome. LINE1 repeat elements cover one-third of the X chromosome, with a distribution that is consistent with their proposed role as way stations in the process of X-chromosome inactivation. We found 1,098 genes in the sequence, of which 99 encode proteins expressed in testis and in various tumour types. A disproportionately high number of mendelian diseases are documented for the X chromosome. Of this number, 168 have been explained by mutations in 113 X-linked genes, which in many cases were characterized with the aid of the DNA sequence.

Suggested Citation

  • Mark T. Ross & Darren V. Grafham & Alison J. Coffey & Steven Scherer & Kirsten McLay & Donna Muzny & Matthias Platzer & Gareth R. Howell & Christine Burrows & Christine P. Bird & Adam Frankish & Franc, 2005. "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7031), pages 325-337, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:434:y:2005:i:7031:d:10.1038_nature03440
    DOI: 10.1038/nature03440
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/nature03440
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/nature03440?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Temitayo A. Olagunju & Benjamin D. Rosen & Holly L. Neibergs & Gabrielle M. Becker & Kimberly M. Davenport & Christine G. Elsik & Tracy S. Hadfield & Sergey Koren & Kristen L. Kuhn & Arang Rhie & Kati, 2024. "Telomere-to-telomere assemblies of cattle and sheep Y-chromosomes uncover divergent structure and gene content," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Norman L. Lehman & Nathalie Spassky & Müge Sak & Amy Webb & Cory T. Zumbar & Aisulu Usubalieva & Khaled J. Alkhateeb & Joseph P. McElroy & Kirsteen H. Maclean & Paolo Fadda & Tom Liu & Vineela Gangala, 2022. "Astroblastomas exhibit radial glia stem cell lineages and differential expression of imprinted and X-inactivation escape genes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-20, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:434:y:2005:i:7031:d:10.1038_nature03440. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.