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Genome sequence of the ultrasmall unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D

Author

Listed:
  • Motomichi Matsuzaki

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Osami Misumi

    (Rikkyo (St Paul's) University)

  • Tadasu Shin-i

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Shinichiro Maruyama

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Manabu Takahara

    (National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science)

  • Shin-ya Miyagishima

    (Rikkyo (St Paul's) University)

  • Toshiyuki Mori

    (Rikkyo (St Paul's) University)

  • Keiji Nishida

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Fumi Yagisawa

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Keishin Nishida

    (Rikkyo (St Paul's) University)

  • Yamato Yoshida

    (Rikkyo (St Paul's) University)

  • Yoshiki Nishimura

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Shunsuke Nakao

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Tamaki Kobayashi

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Yu Momoyama

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Tetsuya Higashiyama

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Ayumi Minoda

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Masako Sano

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Hisayo Nomoto

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Kazuko Oishi

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Hiroko Hayashi

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Fumiko Ohta

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Satoko Nishizaka

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Shinobu Haga

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Sachiko Miura

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Tomomi Morishita

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Yukihiro Kabeya

    (Saitama University)

  • Kimihiro Terasawa

    (Saitama University)

  • Yutaka Suzuki

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Yasuyuki Ishii

    (Keio University School of Medicine)

  • Shuichi Asakawa

    (Keio University School of Medicine)

  • Hiroyoshi Takano

    (Kumamoto University)

  • Niji Ohta

    (Saitama University)

  • Haruko Kuroiwa

    (Rikkyo (St Paul's) University)

  • Kan Tanaka

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Nobuyoshi Shimizu

    (Keio University School of Medicine)

  • Sumio Sugano

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Naoki Sato

    (Saitama University)

  • Hisayoshi Nozaki

    (University of Tokyo)

  • Naotake Ogasawara

    (Nara Institute of Science and Technology)

  • Yuji Kohara

    (National Institute of Genetics)

  • Tsuneyoshi Kuroiwa

    (Rikkyo (St Paul's) University)

Abstract

Small, compact genomes of ultrasmall unicellular algae provide information on the basic and essential genes that support the lives of photosynthetic eukaryotes, including higher plants1,2. Here we report the 16,520,305-base-pair sequence of the 20 chromosomes of the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D as the first complete algal genome. We identified 5,331 genes in total, of which at least 86.3% were expressed. Unique characteristics of this genomic structure include: a lack of introns in all but 26 genes; only three copies of ribosomal DNA units that maintain the nucleolus; and two dynamin genes that are involved only in the division of mitochondria and plastids. The conserved mosaic origin of Calvin cycle enzymes in this red alga and in green plants supports the hypothesis of the existence of single primary plastid endosymbiosis. The lack of a myosin gene, in addition to the unexpressed actin gene, suggests a simpler system of cytokinesis. These results indicate that the C. merolae genome provides a model system with a simple gene composition for studying the origin, evolution and fundamental mechanisms of eukaryotic cells.

Suggested Citation

  • Motomichi Matsuzaki & Osami Misumi & Tadasu Shin-i & Shinichiro Maruyama & Manabu Takahara & Shin-ya Miyagishima & Toshiyuki Mori & Keiji Nishida & Fumi Yagisawa & Keishin Nishida & Yamato Yoshida & Y, 2004. "Genome sequence of the ultrasmall unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D," Nature, Nature, vol. 428(6983), pages 653-657, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:428:y:2004:i:6983:d:10.1038_nature02398
    DOI: 10.1038/nature02398
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    Cited by:

    1. Chung Hyun Cho & Seung In Park & Tzu-Yen Huang & Yongsung Lee & Claudia Ciniglia & Hari Chandana Yadavalli & Seong Wook Yang & Debashish Bhattacharya & Hwan Su Yoon, 2023. "Genome-wide signatures of adaptation to extreme environments in red algae," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Juan Feng & Xianchi Dong & Yang Su & Chafen Lu & Timothy A. Springer, 2022. "Monomeric prefusion structure of an extremophile gamete fusogen and stepwise formation of the postfusion trimeric state," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.

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