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Assessing the redundancy of MADS-box genes during carpel and ovule development

Author

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  • Anusak Pinyopich

    (University of California at San Diego)

  • Gary S. Ditta

    (University of California at San Diego)

  • Beth Savidge

    (University of California at San Diego)

  • Sarah J. Liljegren

    (University of California at San Diego)

  • Elvira Baumann

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung)

  • Ellen Wisman

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung)

  • Martin F. Yanofsky

    (University of California at San Diego)

Abstract

Carpels are essential for sexual plant reproduction because they house the ovules and subsequently develop into fruits that protect, nourish and ultimately disperse the seeds. The AGAMOUS (AG) gene is necessary for plant sexual reproduction because stamens and carpels are absent from ag mutant flowers1,2. However, the fact that sepals are converted into carpelloid organs in certain mutant backgrounds even in the absence of AG activity indicates that an AG-independent carpel-development pathway exists2. AG is a member of a monophyletic clade of MADS-box genes that includes SHATTERPROOF1 (SHP1), SHP2 and SEEDSTICK (STK)3, indicating that these four genes might share partly redundant activities. Here we show that the SHP genes are responsible for AG-independent carpel development. We also show that the STK gene is required for normal development of the funiculus, an umbilical-cord-like structure that connects the developing seed to the fruit, and for dispersal of the seeds when the fruit matures. We further show that all four members of the AG clade are required for specifying the identity of ovules, the landmark invention during the course of vascular plant evolution that enabled seed plants to become the most successful group of land plants4.

Suggested Citation

  • Anusak Pinyopich & Gary S. Ditta & Beth Savidge & Sarah J. Liljegren & Elvira Baumann & Ellen Wisman & Martin F. Yanofsky, 2003. "Assessing the redundancy of MADS-box genes during carpel and ovule development," Nature, Nature, vol. 424(6944), pages 85-88, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:424:y:2003:i:6944:d:10.1038_nature01741
    DOI: 10.1038/nature01741
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    Cited by:

    1. Jingqiu Lan & Ning Wang & Yutao Wang & Yidan Jiang & Hao Yu & Xiaofeng Cao & Genji Qin, 2023. "Arabidopsis TCP4 transcription factor inhibits high temperature-induced homeotic conversion of ovules," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-19, December.
    2. Baowen Huang & Guojian Hu & Keke Wang & Pierre Frasse & Elie Maza & Anis Djari & Wei Deng & Julien Pirrello & Vincent Burlat & Clara Pons & Antonio Granell & Zhengguo Li & Benoît Rest & Mondher Bouzay, 2021. "Interaction of two MADS-box genes leads to growth phenotype divergence of all-flesh type of tomatoes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-14, December.

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