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High nickel release from 1- and 2-euro coins

Author

Listed:
  • Frank O. Nestle

    (University of Zürich Hospital)

  • Hannes Speidel

    (Institute of Metallurgy, ETH Zürich)

  • Markus O. Speidel

    (Institute of Metallurgy, ETH Zürich)

Abstract

The amount of nickel is regulated in European products that come into direct and prolonged contact with human skin1 because this metal may cause contact allergy, particularly hand eczema2,3,4. Here we show that 1- and 2-euro coins induce positive skin-test reactions in sensitized individuals and release 240–320-fold more nickel than is allowed under the European Union Nickel Directive. A factor contributing to this high release of nickel is corrosion due to the bimetallic structure of these coins, which generates a galvanic potential of 30–40 mV in human sweat.

Suggested Citation

  • Frank O. Nestle & Hannes Speidel & Markus O. Speidel, 2002. "High nickel release from 1- and 2-euro coins," Nature, Nature, vol. 419(6903), pages 132-132, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:419:y:2002:i:6903:d:10.1038_419132a
    DOI: 10.1038/419132a
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    Cited by:

    1. Peter Wakker & Veronika Köbberling & Christiane Schwieren, 2007. "Prospect-theory’s Diminishing Sensitivity Versus Economics’ Intrinsic Utility of Money: How the Introduction of the Euro can be Used to Disentangle the Two Empirically," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 63(3), pages 205-231, November.
    2. Mussweiler, Thomas & Englich, Birte, 2003. "Adapting to the Euro: Evidence from bias reduction," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 285-292, June.

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