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Mammalian Cry1 and Cry2 are essential for maintenance of circadian rhythms

Author

Listed:
  • Gijsbertus T. J. van der Horst

    (MGC, Erasmus University)

  • Manja Muijtjens

    (MGC, Erasmus University)

  • Kumiko Kobayashi

    (Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University)

  • Riya Takano

    (Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University)

  • Shin-ichiro Kanno

    (Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University)

  • Masashi Takao

    (Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University)

  • Jan de Wit

    (MGC, Erasmus University)

  • Anton Verkerk

    (MGC, Erasmus University)

  • Andre P. M. Eker

    (MGC, Erasmus University)

  • Dik van Leenen

    (MGC, Erasmus University)

  • Ruud Buijs

    (Netherlands Institute for Brain Research)

  • Dirk Bootsma

    (MGC, Erasmus University)

  • Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers

    (MGC, Erasmus University)

  • Akira Yasui

    (Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University)

Abstract

Many biochemical, physiological and behavioural processes show circadian rhythms which are generated by an internal time-keeping mechanism referred to as the biological clock. According to rapidly developing models, the core oscillator driving this clockis composed of an autoregulatory transcription–(post) translation-based feedback loop involving a set of ‘clock’ genes1,6. Molecular clocks do not oscillate with an exact 24-hour rhythmicity but are entrained to solar day/night rhythms by light. The mammalian proteins Cry1 and Cry2, which are members of the family of plant blue-light receptors (cryptochromes) and photolyases, have been proposed as candidate light receptors for photoentrainment of the biological clock7,8,9,10. Here we show that mice lacking the Cry1 or Cry2 protein display accelerated and delayed free-running periodicity of locomotor activity, respectively. Strikingly, in the absence of both proteins, an instantaneous and complete loss of free-running rhythmicity is observed. This suggests that, in addition to a possible photoreceptor and antagonistic clock-adjusting function, both proteins are essential for the maintenance of circadian rhythmicity.

Suggested Citation

  • Gijsbertus T. J. van der Horst & Manja Muijtjens & Kumiko Kobayashi & Riya Takano & Shin-ichiro Kanno & Masashi Takao & Jan de Wit & Anton Verkerk & Andre P. M. Eker & Dik van Leenen & Ruud Buijs & Di, 1999. "Mammalian Cry1 and Cry2 are essential for maintenance of circadian rhythms," Nature, Nature, vol. 398(6728), pages 627-630, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:398:y:1999:i:6728:d:10.1038_19323
    DOI: 10.1038/19323
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    Cited by:

    1. Yang An & Baoshi Yuan & Pancheng Xie & Yue Gu & Zhiwei Liu & Tao Wang & Zhihao Li & Ying Xu & Yi Liu, 2022. "Decoupling PER phosphorylation, stability and rhythmic expression from circadian clock function by abolishing PER-CK1 interaction," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Yasuko O. Abe & Hikari Yoshitane & Dae Wook Kim & Satoshi Kawakami & Michinori Koebis & Kazuki Nakao & Atsu Aiba & Jae Kyoung Kim & Yoshitaka Fukada, 2022. "Rhythmic transcription of Bmal1 stabilizes the circadian timekeeping system in mammals," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Seref Gul & Yasemin Kubra Akyel & Zeynep Melis Gul & Safak Isin & Onur Ozcan & Tuba Korkmaz & Saba Selvi & Ibrahim Danis & Ozgecan Savlug Ipek & Fatih Aygenli & Ali Cihan Taskin & Büşra Aytül Akarlar , 2022. "Discovery of a small molecule that selectively destabilizes Cryptochrome 1 and enhances life span in p53 knockout mice," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-17, December.

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