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Global influence of the AD 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina, Peru

Author

Listed:
  • Shanaka L. de Silva

    (Geology, and Anthropology, Indiana State University)

  • Gregory A. Zielinski

    (Climate Change Research Center, University of New Hampshire)

Abstract

It has long been estabished that gas and fine ash from large equatorial explosive eruptions can spread globally, and that the sulphuric acid that is consequently produced in the stratosphere can cause a small, but statistically significant, cooling of global temperatures1,2. Central to revealing the ancient volcano–climate connection have been studies linking single eruptions to features of climate-proxy records such as found in ice-core3,4,5 and tree-ring6,7,8 chronologies. Such records also suggest that the known inventory of eruptions is incomplete, and that the climatic significance of unreported or poorly understood eruptions remains to be revealed. The AD 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina, in southern Peru, has been speculated to be one of the largest eruptions of the past 500 years; acidity spikes from Greenland and Antarctica ice3,4,5, tree-ring chronologies6,7,8, along with records of atmospheric perturbations in early seventeenth-century Europe and China9,10, implicate an eruption of similar or greater magnitude than that of Krakatau in 1883. Here we use tephra deposits to estimate the volume of the AD 1600 Huaynaputina eruption, revealing that it was indeed one of the largest eruptions in historic times. The chemical characteristics of the glass from juvenile tephra allow a firm cause–effect link to be established with glass from the Antarctic ice, and thus improve on estimates of the stratospheric loading of the eruption.

Suggested Citation

  • Shanaka L. de Silva & Gregory A. Zielinski, 1998. "Global influence of the AD 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina, Peru," Nature, Nature, vol. 393(6684), pages 455-458, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:393:y:1998:i:6684:d:10.1038_30948
    DOI: 10.1038/30948
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    Cited by:

    1. Yu Guo & Xiuqi Fang & Yu Ye, 2024. "River freeze-up date anomalies during the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries in southern Northeast China reconstructed from the Korean Envoys Yanxing Book," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 177(1), pages 1-22, January.
    2. Alexis Metzger & Martine Tabeaud, 2017. "Reconstruction of the winter weather in east Friesland at the turn of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries (1594–1612)," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 141(2), pages 331-345, March.
    3. Dribe, Martin & Olsson, Mats & Svensson, Patrick, 2015. "Famines in the Nordic countries, AD 536–1875," Lund Papers in Economic History 138, Lund University, Department of Economic History.

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