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Multivariate genome-wide analysis of education, socioeconomic status and brain phenome

Author

Listed:
  • Frank R. Wendt

    (Yale School of Medicine
    VA CT Healthcare System)

  • Gita A. Pathak

    (Yale School of Medicine
    VA CT Healthcare System)

  • Todd Lencz

    (The Zucker Hillside Hospital
    Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
    Feinstein Institute for Medical Research)

  • John H. Krystal

    (Yale School of Medicine)

  • Joel Gelernter

    (Yale School of Medicine
    VA CT Healthcare System
    Yale School of Medicine
    Yale School of Medicine)

  • Renato Polimanti

    (Yale School of Medicine
    VA CT Healthcare System)

Abstract

Socioeconomic status (SES) and education (EDU) are phenotypically associated with psychiatric disorders and behaviours. It remains unclear how these associations influence genetic risk for psychopathology, psychosocial factors and EDU and/or SES (EDU/SES) individually. Using information from >1 million individuals, we conditioned the genetic risk for psychiatric disorders, personality traits, brain imaging phenotypes and externalizing behaviours with genome-wide data for EDU/SES. Accounting for EDU/SES significantly affected the observed heritability of psychiatric traits, ranging from 2.44% h2 decrease for bipolar disorder to 14.2% h2 decrease for Tourette syndrome. Neuroticism h2 significantly increased by 20.23% after conditioning with SES. After EDU/SES conditioning, neuronal cell types were identified for risky behaviour (excitatory), major depression (inhibitory), schizophrenia (excitatory and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) mediated) and bipolar disorder (excitatory). Conditioning with EDU/SES also revealed unidirectional causality between brain morphology, psychopathology and psychosocial factors. Our results indicate that genetic discoveries related to psychopathology and psychosocial factors may be limited by genetic overlap with EDU/SES.

Suggested Citation

  • Frank R. Wendt & Gita A. Pathak & Todd Lencz & John H. Krystal & Joel Gelernter & Renato Polimanti, 2021. "Multivariate genome-wide analysis of education, socioeconomic status and brain phenome," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 5(4), pages 482-496, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nathum:v:5:y:2021:i:4:d:10.1038_s41562-020-00980-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-00980-y
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    Cited by:

    1. Mengge Liu & Lu Wang & Yujie Zhang & Haoyang Dong & Caihong Wang & Yayuan Chen & Qian Qian & Nannan Zhang & Shaoying Wang & Guoshu Zhao & Zhihui Zhang & Minghuan Lei & Sijia Wang & Qiyu Zhao & Feng Li, 2024. "Investigating the shared genetic architecture between depression and subcortical volumes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.

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