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Long-life lithium-ion batteries realized by low-Ni, Co-free cathode chemistry

Author

Listed:
  • Rui Zhang

    (University of California)

  • Chunyang Wang

    (University of California)

  • Peichao Zou

    (University of California)

  • Ruoqian Lin

    (Brookhaven National Laboratory)

  • Lu Ma

    (National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory)

  • Tianyi Li

    (X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory)

  • In-hui Hwang

    (X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory)

  • Wenqian Xu

    (X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory)

  • Chengjun Sun

    (X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory)

  • Steve Trask

    (Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory)

  • Huolin L. Xin

    (University of California)

Abstract

The increasing demand for lithium-ion battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a surge in recent prices of strategic battery materials such as cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni). While all EV makers are eager to eliminate Co usage, Ni has rapidly become another ‘pain point’ for the industry, as its price is nearing half that of Co. The sustainability issue facing both Ni and Co puts forward a grand materials challenge, that is, to reduce Ni content and eliminate Co while maintaining high specific energy and stability. In this work, a complex concentrated doping strategy is used to eliminate Co in a commercial NMC-532 cathode. The LiNi0.5Mn0.43Ti0.02Mg0.02Nb0.01Mo0.02O2 cathode shows potential cost advantage with relatively high specific energy and significantly improved overall performance (~95% capacity retained after 1,000 cycles in pouch-type cells, 2.8–4.3 V vs graphite, at 1 C, 1.5 mA cm−2). Combining X-ray techniques and electron microscopy, we uncover the origins of the superior stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Rui Zhang & Chunyang Wang & Peichao Zou & Ruoqian Lin & Lu Ma & Tianyi Li & In-hui Hwang & Wenqian Xu & Chengjun Sun & Steve Trask & Huolin L. Xin, 2023. "Long-life lithium-ion batteries realized by low-Ni, Co-free cathode chemistry," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 8(7), pages 695-702, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natene:v:8:y:2023:i:7:d:10.1038_s41560-023-01267-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41560-023-01267-y
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