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An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs

Author

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  • Kwan-Soo Lee

    (MPA-11: Materials Synthesis and Integrated Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory
    † Present address: C-CDE: Chemical Diagnostic and Engineering, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.)

  • Jacob S. Spendelow

    (MPA-11: Materials Synthesis and Integrated Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory)

  • Yoong-Kee Choe

    (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology)

  • Cy Fujimoto

    (Organic Materials Science, Sandia National Laboratory)

  • Yu Seung Kim

    (MPA-11: Materials Synthesis and Integrated Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory)

Abstract

Fuel cells are promising devices for clean power generation in a variety of economically and environmentally significant applications. Low-temperature proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells utilizing Nafion require a high level of hydration, which limits the operating temperature to less than 100 ∘C. In contrast, high-temperature PEM fuel cells utilizing phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole can operate effectively up to 180 ∘C; however, these devices degrade when exposed to water below 140 ∘C. Here we present a different class of PEM fuel cells based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs that can operate under conditions unattainable with existing fuel cell technologies. These fuel cells exhibit stable performance at 80–160 ∘C with a conductivity decay rate more than three orders of magnitude lower than that of a commercial high-temperature PEM fuel cell. By increasing the operational flexibility, this class of fuel cell can simplify the requirements for heat and water management, and potentially reduce the costs associated with the existing fully functional fuel cell systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Kwan-Soo Lee & Jacob S. Spendelow & Yoong-Kee Choe & Cy Fujimoto & Yu Seung Kim, 2016. "An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 1(9), pages 1-7, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natene:v:1:y:2016:i:9:d:10.1038_nenergy.2016.120
    DOI: 10.1038/nenergy.2016.120
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    Cited by:

    1. Ding Tian & Taoli Gu & Sai Nitin Yellamilli & Chulsung Bae, 2020. "Phosphoric Acid-Doped Ion-Pair Coordinated PEMs with Broad Relative Humidity Tolerance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Lopes, Thiago & Beruski, Otavio & Manthanwar, Amit M. & Korkischko, Ivan & Pugliesi, Reynaldo & Stanojev, Marco Antonio & Andrade, Marcos Leandro Garcia & Pistikopoulos, Efstratios N. & Perez, Joelma , 2019. "Spatially resolved oxygen reaction, water, and temperature distribution: Experimental results as a function of flow field and implications for polymer electrolyte fuel cell operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    3. Liu, Fengxiang & Wang, Shuang & Chen, Hao & Li, Jinsheng & Wang, Xu & Mao, Tiejun & Wang, Zhe, 2021. "The impact of poly (ionic liquid) on the phosphoric acid stability of polybenzimidazole-base HT-PEMs," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1692-1700.

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