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Closed-loop functional optogenetic stimulation

Author

Listed:
  • Shriya S. Srinivasan

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Benjamin E. Maimon

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Maurizio Diaz

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Hyungeun Song

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Hugh M. Herr

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Optogenetics has been used to orchestrate temporal- and tissue-specific control of neural tissues and offers a wealth of unique advantages for neuromuscular control. Here, we establish a closed-loop functional optogenetic stimulation (CL-FOS) system to control ankle joint position in murine models. Using the measurement of either joint angle or fascicle length as a feedback signal, we compare the controllability of CL-FOS to closed-loop functional electrical stimulation (CL-FES) and demonstrate significantly greater accuracy, lower rise times and lower overshoot percentages. We demonstrate orderly recruitment of motor units and reduced fatigue when performing cyclical movements with CL-FOS compared with CL-FES. We develop and investigate a 3-phase, photo-kinetic model to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for temporal variations in optogenetically activated neuromusculature during closed-loop control experiments. Methods and insights from this study lay the groundwork for the development of closed-loop optogenetic neuromuscular stimulation therapies and devices for peripheral limb control.

Suggested Citation

  • Shriya S. Srinivasan & Benjamin E. Maimon & Maurizio Diaz & Hyungeun Song & Hugh M. Herr, 2018. "Closed-loop functional optogenetic stimulation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-07721-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07721-w
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