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Long-term experimental hybridisation results in the evolution of a new sex chromosome in swordtail fish

Author

Listed:
  • Paolo Franchini

    (University of Konstanz)

  • Julia C. Jones

    (University of Konstanz
    Uppsala University)

  • Peiwen Xiong

    (University of Konstanz)

  • Susanne Kneitz

    (University of Würzburg)

  • Zachariah Gompert

    (Utah State University)

  • Wesley C. Warren

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Ronald B. Walter

    (Texas State University)

  • Axel Meyer

    (University of Konstanz
    Harvard University)

  • Manfred Schartl

    (University of Würzburg
    University Clinic Würzburg
    Texas A&M University)

Abstract

The remarkable diversity of sex determination mechanisms known in fish may be fuelled by exceptionally high rates of sex chromosome turnovers or transitions. However, the evolutionary causes and genomic mechanisms underlying this variation and instability are yet to be understood. Here we report on an over 30-year evolutionary experiment in which we tested the genomic consequences of hybridisation and selection between two Xiphophorus fish species with different sex chromosome systems. We find that introgression and imposing selection for pigmentation phenotypes results in the retention of an unexpectedly large maternally derived genomic region. During the hybridisation process, the sex-determining region of the X chromosome from one parental species was translocated to an autosome in the hybrids leading to the evolution of a new sex chromosome. Our results highlight the complexity of factors contributing to patterns observed in hybrid genomes, and we experimentally demonstrate that hybridisation can catalyze rapid evolution of a new sex chromosome.

Suggested Citation

  • Paolo Franchini & Julia C. Jones & Peiwen Xiong & Susanne Kneitz & Zachariah Gompert & Wesley C. Warren & Ronald B. Walter & Axel Meyer & Manfred Schartl, 2018. "Long-term experimental hybridisation results in the evolution of a new sex chromosome in swordtail fish," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-07648-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07648-2
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    Cited by:

    1. Kang Du & Juliana Morena Bonita Ricci & Yuan Lu & Mateo Garcia-Olazabal & Ronald B. Walter & Wesley C. Warren & Tristram O. Dodge & Molly Schumer & Hyun Park & Axel Meyer & Manfred Schartl, 2024. "Phylogenomic analyses of all species of swordtail fishes (genus Xiphophorus) show that hybridization preceded speciation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.

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