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A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Author

Listed:
  • Lea B. S. Hansen

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Henrik M. Roager

    (Technical University of Denmark
    University of Copenhagen)

  • Nadja B. Søndertoft

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Rikke J. Gøbel

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Mette Kristensen

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Mireia Vallès-Colomer

    (KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Rega Institute
    VIB, Center for Microbiology)

  • Sara Vieira-Silva

    (KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Rega Institute
    VIB, Center for Microbiology)

  • Sabine Ibrügger

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Mads V. Lind

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Rasmus B. Mærkedahl

    (University of Copenhagen
    University of Copenhagen)

  • Martin I. Bahl

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Mia L. Madsen

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Jesper Havelund

    (University of Southern Denmark)

  • Gwen Falony

    (KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Rega Institute
    VIB, Center for Microbiology)

  • Inge Tetens

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Trine Nielsen

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Kristine H. Allin

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Henrik L. Frandsen

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Bolette Hartmann

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Jens Juul Holst

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Morten H. Sparholt

    (Bispebjerg Hospital)

  • Jesper Holck

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Andreas Blennow

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Janne Marie Moll

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Anne S. Meyer

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Camilla Hoppe

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Jørgen H. Poulsen

    (Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre)

  • Vera Carvalho

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Domenico Sagnelli

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Marlene D. Dalgaard

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Anders F. Christensen

    (Bispebjerg Hospital)

  • Magnus Christian Lydolph

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Alastair B. Ross

    (Chalmers University of Technology)

  • Silas Villas-Bôas

    (The University of Auckland)

  • Susanne Brix

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Karsten Buschard

    (Bartholin Institute, Rigshospitalet)

  • Allan Linneberg

    (The Capital Region of Denmark)

  • Jüri J. Rumessen

    (the Capital Region of Denmark)

  • Claus T. Ekstrøm

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Christian Ritz

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Karsten Kristiansen

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • H. Bjørn Nielsen

    (Clinical-Microbiomics A/S)

  • Henrik Vestergaard

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Nils J. Færgeman

    (University of Southern Denmark)

  • Jeroen Raes

    (KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Rega Institute
    VIB, Center for Microbiology)

  • Hanne Frøkiær

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Torben Hansen

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Lotte Lauritzen

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Ramneek Gupta

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Tine Rask Licht

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Oluf Pedersen

    (University of Copenhagen)

Abstract

Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

Suggested Citation

  • Lea B. S. Hansen & Henrik M. Roager & Nadja B. Søndertoft & Rikke J. Gøbel & Mette Kristensen & Mireia Vallès-Colomer & Sara Vieira-Silva & Sabine Ibrügger & Mads V. Lind & Rasmus B. Mærkedahl & Marti, 2018. "A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-07019-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x
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    Cited by:

    1. M. C. Rühlemann & C. Bang & J. F. Gogarten & B. M. Hermes & M. Groussin & S. Waschina & M. Poyet & M. Ulrich & C. Akoua-Koffi & T. Deschner & J. J. Muyembe-Tamfum & M. M. Robbins & M. Surbeck & R. M. , 2024. "Functional host-specific adaptation of the intestinal microbiome in hominids," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.

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