IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v9y2018i1d10.1038_s41467-018-06612-4.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Salt concentration and charging velocity determine ion charge storage mechanism in nanoporous supercapacitors

Author

Listed:
  • C. Prehal

    (Institute of Physics, Montanuniversitaet Leoben
    Graz University of Technology)

  • C. Koczwara

    (Institute of Physics, Montanuniversitaet Leoben)

  • H. Amenitsch

    (Graz University of Technology)

  • V. Presser

    (INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials
    Saarland University)

  • O. Paris

    (Institute of Physics, Montanuniversitaet Leoben)

Abstract

A fundamental understanding of ion charge storage in nanoporous electrodes is essential to improve the performance of supercapacitors or devices for capacitive desalination. Here, we employ in situ X-ray transmission measurements on activated carbon supercapacitors to study ion concentration changes during electrochemical operation. Whereas counter-ion adsorption was found to dominate at small electrolyte salt concentrations and slow cycling speed, ion replacement prevails for high molar concentrations and/or fast cycling. Chronoamperometry measurements reveal two distinct time regimes of ion concentration changes. In the first regime the supercapacitor is charged, and counter- and co-ion concentration changes align with ion replacement and partially co-ion expulsion. In the second regime, the electrode charge remains constant, but the total ion concentration increases. We conclude that the initial fast charge neutralization in nanoporous supercapacitor electrodes leads to a non-equilibrium ion configuration. The subsequent, charge-neutral equilibration slowly increases the total ion concentration towards counter-ion adsorption.

Suggested Citation

  • C. Prehal & C. Koczwara & H. Amenitsch & V. Presser & O. Paris, 2018. "Salt concentration and charging velocity determine ion charge storage mechanism in nanoporous supercapacitors," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-06612-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06612-4
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-06612-4
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-018-06612-4?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Ying & Liu, Lianchao & Huang, Yue & Cao, Haidong & Liu, Tiantian & Qi, Zhixian & Hu, Jingwen & Guo, Yonggui & Sun, Jianteng & Liang, Maofeng & Wei, Junfu & Zhang, Huan & Zhang, Xiaoqing & Wang, , 2024. "Low-salt organohydrogel electrolytes for wide-potential-window flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 363(C).
    2. Pal, Bhupender & Yasin, Amina & Kaur, Rupinder & Tebyetekerwa, Mike & Zabihi, Fatemeh & Yang, Shengyuan & Yang, Chun-Chen & Sofer, Zděnek & Jose, Rajan, 2021. "Understanding electrochemical capacitors with in-situ techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-06612-4. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.