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Disclosing the temperature of columnar jointing in lavas

Author

Listed:
  • Anthony Lamur

    (University of Liverpool)

  • Yan Lavallée

    (University of Liverpool)

  • Fiona E. Iddon

    (University of Liverpool
    University of Cambridge)

  • Adrian J. Hornby

    (University of Liverpool)

  • Jackie E. Kendrick

    (University of Liverpool)

  • Felix W. Aulock

    (University of Liverpool)

  • Fabian B. Wadsworth

    (University of Liverpool
    Durham University)

Abstract

Columnar joints form by cracking during cooling-induced contraction of lava, allowing hydrothermal fluid circulation. A lack of direct observations of their formation has led to ambiguity about the temperature window of jointing and its impact on fluid flow. Here we develop a novel thermo-mechanical experiment to disclose the temperature of columnar jointing in lavas. Using basalts from Eyjafjallajökull volcano (Iceland) we show that contraction during cooling induces stress build-up below the solidus temperature (980 °C), resulting in localised macroscopic failure between 890 and 840 °C. This temperature window for incipient columnar jointing is supported by modelling informed by mechanical testing and thermal expansivity measurements. We demonstrate that columnar jointing takes place well within the solid state of volcanic rocks, and is followed by a nonlinear increase in system permeability of

Suggested Citation

  • Anthony Lamur & Yan Lavallée & Fiona E. Iddon & Adrian J. Hornby & Jackie E. Kendrick & Felix W. Aulock & Fabian B. Wadsworth, 2018. "Disclosing the temperature of columnar jointing in lavas," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-03842-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03842-4
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