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A spatial gradient of bacterial diversity in the human oral cavity shaped by salivary flow

Author

Listed:
  • Diana M. Proctor

    (Stanford University School of Medicine
    Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System
    University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry)

  • Julia A. Fukuyama

    (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Institute)

  • Peter M. Loomer

    (University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry
    New York University College of Dentistry)

  • Gary C. Armitage

    (University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry)

  • Stacey A. Lee

    (University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry)

  • Nicole M. Davis

    (Stanford University School of Medicine)

  • Mark I. Ryder

    (University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry)

  • Susan P. Holmes

    (Stanford University)

  • David A. Relman

    (Stanford University School of Medicine
    Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System
    Stanford University School of Medicine)

Abstract

Spatial and temporal patterns in microbial communities provide insights into the forces that shape them, their functions and roles in health and disease. Here, we used spatial and ecological statistics to analyze the role that saliva plays in structuring bacterial communities of the human mouth using >9000 dental and mucosal samples. We show that regardless of tissue type (teeth, alveolar mucosa, keratinized gingiva, or buccal mucosa), surface-associated bacterial communities vary along an ecological gradient from the front to the back of the mouth, and that on exposed tooth surfaces, the gradient is pronounced on lingual compared to buccal surfaces. Furthermore, our data suggest that this gradient is attenuated in individuals with low salivary flow due to Sjögren’s syndrome. Taken together, our findings imply that salivary flow influences the spatial organization of microbial communities and that biogeographical patterns may be useful for understanding host physiological processes and for predicting disease.

Suggested Citation

  • Diana M. Proctor & Julia A. Fukuyama & Peter M. Loomer & Gary C. Armitage & Stacey A. Lee & Nicole M. Davis & Mark I. Ryder & Susan P. Holmes & David A. Relman, 2018. "A spatial gradient of bacterial diversity in the human oral cavity shaped by salivary flow," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-02900-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02900-1
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    Cited by:

    1. Pratheepa Jeganathan & Susan P. Holmes, 2021. "A Statistical Perspective on the Challenges in Molecular Microbial Biology," Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Statistics, Springer;The International Biometric Society;American Statistical Association, vol. 26(2), pages 131-160, June.
    2. Quinn T. Easter & Bruno Fernandes Matuck & Germán Beldorati Stark & Catherine L. Worth & Alexander V. Predeus & Brayon Fremin & Khoa Huynh & Vaishnavi Ranganathan & Zhi Ren & Diana Pereira & Brittany , 2024. "Single-cell and spatially resolved interactomics of tooth-associated keratinocytes in periodontitis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-23, December.

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