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Experimental evidence supporting a global melt layer at the base of the Earth’s upper mantle

Author

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  • D. Freitas

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans)

  • G. Manthilake

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans)

  • F. Schiavi

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans)

  • J. Chantel

    (Case Western Reserve University)

  • N. Bolfan-Casanova

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans)

  • M. A. Bouhifd

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans)

  • D. Andrault

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans)

Abstract

The low-velocity layer (LVL) atop the 410-km discontinuity has been widely attributed to dehydration melting. In this study, we experimentally reproduced the wadsleyite-to-olivine phase transformation in the upwelling mantle across the 410-km discontinuity and investigated in situ the sound wave velocity during partial melting of hydrous peridotite. Our seismic velocity model indicates that the globally observed negative Vs anomaly (−4%) can be explained by a 0.7% melt fraction in peridotite at the base of the upper mantle. The produced melt is richer in FeO (~33 wt.%) and H2O (~16.5 wt.%) and its density is determined to be 3.56–3.74 g cm−3. The water content of this gravitationally stable melt in the LVL corresponds to a total water content in the mantle transition zone of 0.22 ± 0.02 wt.%. Such values agree with estimations based on magneto-telluric observations.

Suggested Citation

  • D. Freitas & G. Manthilake & F. Schiavi & J. Chantel & N. Bolfan-Casanova & M. A. Bouhifd & D. Andrault, 2017. "Experimental evidence supporting a global melt layer at the base of the Earth’s upper mantle," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:8:y:2017:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-017-02275-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02275-9
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    Cited by:

    1. Suraj K. Bajgain & Aaron Wolfgang Ashley & Mainak Mookherjee & Dipta B. Ghosh & Bijaya B. Karki, 2022. "Insights into magma ocean dynamics from the transport properties of basaltic melt," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Shiwen Li & Yabin Li & Yanhui Zhang & Zikun Zhou & Junhao Guo & Aihua Weng, 2023. "Remnant of the late Permian superplume that generated the Siberian Traps inferred from geomagnetic data," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.

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