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Using a quantum work meter to test non-equilibrium fluctuation theorems

Author

Listed:
  • Federico Cerisola

    (Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires Ciudad Universitaria
    Ciudad Universitaria)

  • Yair Margalit

    (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev)

  • Shimon Machluf

    (University of Amsterdam)

  • Augusto J. Roncaglia

    (Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires Ciudad Universitaria
    Ciudad Universitaria)

  • Juan Pablo Paz

    (Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires Ciudad Universitaria
    Ciudad Universitaria)

  • Ron Folman

    (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev)

Abstract

Work is an essential concept in classical thermodynamics, and in the quantum regime, where the notion of a trajectory is not available, its definition is not trivial. For driven (but otherwise isolated) quantum systems, work can be defined as a random variable, associated with the change in the internal energy. The probability for the different values of work captures essential information describing the behaviour of the system, both in and out of thermal equilibrium. In fact, the work probability distribution is at the core of “fluctuation theorems” in quantum thermodynamics. Here we present the design and implementation of a quantum work meter operating on an ensemble of cold atoms, which are controlled by an atom chip. Our device not only directly measures work but also directly samples its probability distribution. We demonstrate the operation of this new tool and use it to verify the validity of the quantum Jarzynksi identity.

Suggested Citation

  • Federico Cerisola & Yair Margalit & Shimon Machluf & Augusto J. Roncaglia & Juan Pablo Paz & Ron Folman, 2017. "Using a quantum work meter to test non-equilibrium fluctuation theorems," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-6, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:8:y:2017:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-017-01308-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01308-7
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    Cited by:

    1. de Paula, Josiane Oliveira Rezende & Peixoto de Faria, J.G. & de Oliveira, J.G.G. & de Carvalho Falcão, Ricardo & Oliveira, Adélcio C., 2019. "Jarzynski equality for superconducting optical cavities: An alternative path to determine Helmholtz free energy," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 520(C), pages 26-34.
    2. Jarzynski, Christopher, 2020. "Fluctuation relations and strong inequalities for thermally isolated systems," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 552(C).

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