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Archaean and Proterozoic diamond growth from contrasting styles of large-scale magmatism

Author

Listed:
  • Janne M. Koornneef

    (Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences)

  • Michael U. Gress

    (Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences)

  • Ingrid L. Chinn

    (De Beers Exploration)

  • Hielke A. Jelsma

    (Group Exploration and Geosciences)

  • Jeff W. Harris

    (School of Geographical and Earth Sciences)

  • Gareth R. Davies

    (Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences)

Abstract

Precise dating of diamond growth is required to understand the interior workings of the early Earth and the deep carbon cycle. Here we report Sm-Nd isotope data from 26 individual garnet inclusions from 26 harzburgitic diamonds from Venetia, South Africa. Garnet inclusions and host diamonds comprise two compositional suites formed under markedly different conditions and define two isochrons, one Archaean (2.95 Ga) and one Proterozoic (1.15 Ga). The Archaean diamond suite formed from relatively cool fluid-dominated metasomatism during rifting of the southern shelf of the Zimbabwe Craton. The 1.8 billion years younger Proterozoic diamond suite formed by melt-dominated metasomatism related to the 1.1 Ga Umkondo Large Igneous Province. The results demonstrate that resolving the time of diamond growth events requires dating of individual inclusions, and that there was a major change in the magmatic processes responsible for harzburgitic diamond formation beneath Venetia from the Archaean to the Proterozoic.

Suggested Citation

  • Janne M. Koornneef & Michael U. Gress & Ingrid L. Chinn & Hielke A. Jelsma & Jeff W. Harris & Gareth R. Davies, 2017. "Archaean and Proterozoic diamond growth from contrasting styles of large-scale magmatism," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:8:y:2017:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-017-00564-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00564-x
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