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Exciton–exciton annihilation and biexciton stimulated emission in graphene nanoribbons

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  • Giancarlo Soavi

    (Politecnico di Milano
    Present address: Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK)

  • Stefano Dal Conte

    (Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR)

  • Cristian Manzoni

    (Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR)

  • Daniele Viola

    (Politecnico di Milano)

  • Akimitsu Narita

    (Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research)

  • Yunbin Hu

    (Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research)

  • Xinliang Feng

    (Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research)

  • Ulrich Hohenester

    (Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 5)

  • Elisa Molinari

    (Informatiche e Matematiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
    Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR)

  • Deborah Prezzi

    (Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR)

  • Klaus Müllen

    (Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research)

  • Giulio Cerullo

    (Politecnico di Milano
    Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR)

Abstract

Graphene nanoribbons display extraordinary optical properties due to one-dimensional quantum-confinement, such as width-dependent bandgap and strong electron–hole interactions, responsible for the formation of excitons with extremely high binding energies. Here we use femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to explore the ultrafast optical properties of ultranarrow, structurally well-defined graphene nanoribbons as a function of the excitation fluence, and the impact of enhanced Coulomb interaction on their excited states dynamics. We show that in the high-excitation regime biexcitons are formed by nonlinear exciton–exciton annihilation, and that they radiatively recombine via stimulated emission. We obtain a biexciton binding energy of ≈250 meV, in very good agreement with theoretical results from quantum Monte Carlo simulations. These observations pave the way for the application of graphene nanoribbons in photonics and optoelectronics.

Suggested Citation

  • Giancarlo Soavi & Stefano Dal Conte & Cristian Manzoni & Daniele Viola & Akimitsu Narita & Yunbin Hu & Xinliang Feng & Ulrich Hohenester & Elisa Molinari & Deborah Prezzi & Klaus Müllen & Giulio Cerul, 2016. "Exciton–exciton annihilation and biexciton stimulated emission in graphene nanoribbons," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-7, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:7:y:2016:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms11010
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11010
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    Cited by:

    1. S. E. Ammerman & V. Jelic & Y. Wei & V. N. Breslin & M. Hassan & N. Everett & S. Lee & Q. Sun & C. A. Pignedoli & P. Ruffieux & R. Fasel & T. L. Cocker, 2021. "Lightwave-driven scanning tunnelling spectroscopy of atomically precise graphene nanoribbons," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.

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