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Sources of heterogeneous variability and trends in Antarctic sea-ice

Author

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  • Richard J. Matear

    (CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere)

  • Terence J. O’Kane

    (CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere)

  • James S. Risbey

    (CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere)

  • Matt Chamberlain

    (CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere)

Abstract

While the Northern Hemisphere sea-ice has uniformly declined over the past several decades, the observed sea-ice in the Southern Hemisphere has exhibited regions of increase and decrease. Here we use a comprehensive set of ocean–sea-ice simulations (1990–2007) to elucidate the drivers of the observed heterogeneous sea-ice trends. We show wind variability is an important determinant of the heterogeneous pattern of the variability and trends in Southern Hemisphere sea-ice. Only in the West Pacific region does Southern Annular Mode wind forcing contribute significantly to the trend in sea-ice duration. El Niño Southern Oscillation wind forcing contribution to the sea-ice duration trend is confined to the Atlantic and Pacific. In the Indian Ocean, weather is a significant driver of the sea-ice duration trend. Only in the East Pacific region is wind forcing alone insufficient to give rise to the observed sea-ice decline and must be augmented by warming to reproduce the observations.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard J. Matear & Terence J. O’Kane & James S. Risbey & Matt Chamberlain, 2015. "Sources of heterogeneous variability and trends in Antarctic sea-ice," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms9656
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9656
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