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Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing

Author

Listed:
  • Mukund Gupta

    (Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore)

  • Bibhu Ranjan Sarangi

    (Institut Jacques Monod (IJM), CNRS UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot)

  • Joran Deschamps

    (Institut Jacques Monod (IJM), CNRS UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot
    Present Address: EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.)

  • Yasaman Nematbakhsh

    (NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering
    National University of Singapore)

  • Andrew Callan-Jones

    (Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot)

  • Felix Margadant

    (Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore)

  • René-Marc Mège

    (Institut Jacques Monod (IJM), CNRS UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot)

  • Chwee Teck Lim

    (Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore
    NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering
    National University of Singapore
    National University of Singapore)

  • Raphaël Voituriez

    (Laboratoire de Physique Thèorique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS/UPMC
    Laboratoire Jean Perrin, CNRS/UPMC)

  • Benoît Ladoux

    (Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore
    Institut Jacques Monod (IJM), CNRS UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot)

Abstract

Matrix rigidity sensing regulates a large variety of cellular processes and has important implications for tissue development and disease. However, how cells probe matrix rigidity, and hence respond to it, remains unclear. Here, we show that rigidity sensing and adaptation emerge naturally from actin cytoskeleton remodelling. Our in vitro experiments and theoretical modelling demonstrate a biphasic rheology of the actin cytoskeleton, which transitions from fluid on soft substrates to solid on stiffer ones. Furthermore, we find that increasing substrate stiffness correlates with the emergence of an orientational order in actin stress fibres, which exhibit an isotropic to nematic transition that we characterize quantitatively in the framework of active matter theory. These findings imply mechanisms mediated by a large-scale reinforcement of actin structures under stress, which could be the mechanical drivers of substrate stiffness-dependent cell shape changes and cell polarity.

Suggested Citation

  • Mukund Gupta & Bibhu Ranjan Sarangi & Joran Deschamps & Yasaman Nematbakhsh & Andrew Callan-Jones & Felix Margadant & René-Marc Mège & Chwee Teck Lim & Raphaël Voituriez & Benoît Ladoux, 2015. "Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-9, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms8525
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8525
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    Cited by:

    1. Andrea Ghisleni & Mayte Bonilla-Quintana & Michele Crestani & Zeno Lavagnino & Camilla Galli & Padmini Rangamani & Nils C. Gauthier, 2024. "Mechanically induced topological transition of spectrin regulates its distribution in the mammalian cell cortex," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-21, December.

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