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Experimental proof of nonlocal wavefunction collapse for a single particle using homodyne measurements

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Fuwa

    (School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo)

  • Shuntaro Takeda

    (School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo)

  • Marcin Zwierz

    (Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5
    Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology (Australian Research Council), Centre for Quantum Dynamics, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia)

  • Howard M. Wiseman

    (Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology (Australian Research Council), Centre for Quantum Dynamics, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia)

  • Akira Furusawa

    (School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo)

Abstract

A single quantum particle can be described by a wavefunction that spreads over arbitrarily large distances; however, it is never detected in two (or more) places. This strange phenomenon is explained in the quantum theory by what Einstein repudiated as ‘spooky action at a distance’: the instantaneous nonlocal collapse of the wavefunction to wherever the particle is detected. Here we demonstrate this single-particle spooky action, with no efficiency loophole, by splitting a single photon between two laboratories and experimentally testing whether the choice of measurement in one laboratory really causes a change in the local quantum state in the other laboratory. To this end, we use homodyne measurements with six different measurement settings and quantitatively verify Einstein’s spooky action by violating an Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen-steering inequality by 0.042±0.006. Our experiment also verifies the entanglement of the split single photon even when one side is untrusted.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Fuwa & Shuntaro Takeda & Marcin Zwierz & Howard M. Wiseman & Akira Furusawa, 2015. "Experimental proof of nonlocal wavefunction collapse for a single particle using homodyne measurements," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-6, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms7665
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7665
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    Cited by:

    1. Gu Zhang & Changki Hong & Tomer Alkalay & Vladimir Umansky & Moty Heiblum & Igor Gornyi & Yuval Gefen, 2024. "Measuring statistics-induced entanglement entropy with a Hong–Ou–Mandel interferometer," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.

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