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Active JNK-dependent secretion of Drosophila Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase by loser cells recruits haemocytes during cell competition

Author

Listed:
  • Sergio Casas-Tintó

    (Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO)
    Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute (CSIC))

  • Fidel-Nicolás Lolo

    (Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO)
    Spanish National Cardiovascular Centre (CNIC))

  • Eduardo Moreno

    (Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO)
    Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern
    Cell Fitness Lab, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown)

Abstract

Cell competition is a process by which the slow dividing cells (losers) are recognized and eliminated from growing tissues. Loser cells are extruded from the epithelium and engulfed by the haemocytes, the Drosophila macrophages. However, how macrophages identify the dying loser cells is unclear. Here we show that apoptotic loser cells secrete Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS), which is best known as a core component of the translational machinery. Secreted TyrRS is cleaved by matrix metalloproteinases generating MiniTyr and EMAP fragments. EMAP acts as a guiding cue for macrophage migration in the Drosophila larvae, as it attracts the haemocytes to the apoptotic loser cells. JNK signalling and Kish, a component of the secretory pathway, are autonomously required for the active secretion of TyrRS by the loser cells. Altogether, this mechanism guarantees effective removal of unfit cells from the growing tissue.

Suggested Citation

  • Sergio Casas-Tintó & Fidel-Nicolás Lolo & Eduardo Moreno, 2015. "Active JNK-dependent secretion of Drosophila Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase by loser cells recruits haemocytes during cell competition," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms10022
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10022
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