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Implementation of a quantum metamaterial using superconducting qubits

Author

Listed:
  • Pascal Macha

    (Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology
    Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
    ARC Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Queensland)

  • Gregor Oelsner

    (Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology)

  • Jan-Michael Reiner

    (Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
    DFG-Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)

  • Michael Marthaler

    (Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
    DFG-Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)

  • Stephan André

    (Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
    DFG-Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)

  • Gerd Schön

    (Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
    DFG-Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)

  • Uwe Hübner

    (Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology)

  • Hans-Georg Meyer

    (Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology)

  • Evgeni Il’ichev

    (Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology
    Russian Quantum Center, 100 Novaya Street, Skolkovo)

  • Alexey V. Ustinov

    (Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
    Russian Quantum Center, 100 Novaya Street, Skolkovo
    National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Leninsky prosp. 4)

Abstract

The key issue for the implementation of a metamaterial is to demonstrate the existence of collective modes corresponding to coherent oscillations of the meta-atoms. Atoms of natural materials interact with electromagnetic fields as quantum two-level systems. Artificial quantum two-level systems can be made, for example, using superconducting nonlinear resonators cooled down to their ground state. Here we perform an experiment in which 20 of these quantum meta-atoms, so-called flux qubits, are embedded into a microwave resonator. We observe the dispersive shift of the resonator frequency imposed by the qubit metamaterial and the collective resonant coupling of eight qubits. The realized prototype represents a mesoscopic limit of naturally occurring spin ensembles and as such we demonstrate the AC-Zeeman shift of a resonant qubit ensemble. The studied system constitutes the implementation of a basic quantum metamaterial in the sense that many artificial atoms are coupled collectively to the quantized mode of a photon field.

Suggested Citation

  • Pascal Macha & Gregor Oelsner & Jan-Michael Reiner & Michael Marthaler & Stephan André & Gerd Schön & Uwe Hübner & Hans-Georg Meyer & Evgeni Il’ichev & Alexey V. Ustinov, 2014. "Implementation of a quantum metamaterial using superconducting qubits," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-6, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:5:y:2014:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms6146
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6146
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    Cited by:

    1. Arpit Ranadive & Martina Esposito & Luca Planat & Edgar Bonet & Cécile Naud & Olivier Buisson & Wiebke Guichard & Nicolas Roch, 2022. "Kerr reversal in Josephson meta-material and traveling wave parametric amplification," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.

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