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Reconstructing Austronesian population history in Island Southeast Asia

Author

Listed:
  • Mark Lipson

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Po-Ru Loh

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Present address: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA)

  • Nick Patterson

    (Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard)

  • Priya Moorjani

    (Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
    Harvard Medical School
    Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA)

  • Ying-Chin Ko

    (Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University)

  • Mark Stoneking

    (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology)

  • Bonnie Berger

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard)

  • David Reich

    (Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
    Harvard Medical School
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School)

Abstract

Austronesian languages are spread across half the globe, from Easter Island to Madagascar. Evidence from linguistics and archaeology indicates that the ‘Austronesian expansion,’ which began 4,000–5,000 years ago, likely had roots in Taiwan, but the ancestry of present-day Austronesian-speaking populations remains controversial. Here, we analyse genome-wide data from 56 populations using new methods for tracing ancestral gene flow, focusing primarily on Island Southeast Asia. We show that all sampled Austronesian groups harbour ancestry that is more closely related to aboriginal Taiwanese than to any present-day mainland population. Surprisingly, western Island Southeast Asian populations have also inherited ancestry from a source nested within the variation of present-day populations speaking Austro-Asiatic languages, which have historically been nearly exclusive to the mainland. Thus, either there was once a substantial Austro-Asiatic presence in Island Southeast Asia, or Austronesian speakers migrated to and through the mainland, admixing there before continuing to western Indonesia.

Suggested Citation

  • Mark Lipson & Po-Ru Loh & Nick Patterson & Priya Moorjani & Ying-Chin Ko & Mark Stoneking & Bonnie Berger & David Reich, 2014. "Reconstructing Austronesian population history in Island Southeast Asia," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:5:y:2014:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms5689
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5689
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    Cited by:

    1. Hashom Mohd Hakim, 2018. "A New Analysis of Population History in Sabah and Sarawak," GATR Journals gjbssr517, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise.
    2. Hanis Z A NurWaliyuddin & Mohd N Norazmi & Hisham A Edinur & Geoffrey K Chambers & Sundararajulu Panneerchelvam & Zainuddin Zafarina, 2015. "Ancient Genetic Signatures of Orang Asli Revealed by Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Gene Polymorphisms," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(11), pages 1-13, November.

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