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AtALMT9 is a malate-activated vacuolar chloride channel required for stomatal opening in Arabidopsis

Author

Listed:
  • Alexis De Angeli

    (Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich
    Institut des Sciences du Végétal, CNRS UPR2355)

  • Jingbo Zhang

    (Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich)

  • Stefan Meyer

    (Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich
    Present address: Blood Transfusion Service, SRC, Zurich, Molecular Diagnostics & Cytometry (MOC), Rütistr. 19, 8952-Schlieren, Switzerland)

  • Enrico Martinoia

    (Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich)

Abstract

Water deficit strongly affects crop productivity. Plants control water loss and CO2 uptake by regulating the aperture of the stomatal pores within the leaf epidermis. Stomata aperture is regulated by the two guard cells forming the pore and changing their size in response to ion uptake and release. While our knowledge about potassium and chloride fluxes across the plasma membrane of guard cells is advanced, little is known about fluxes across the vacuolar membrane. Here we present the molecular identification of the long-sought-after vacuolar chloride channel. AtALMT9 is a chloride channel activated by physiological concentrations of cytosolic malate. Single-channel measurements demonstrate that this activation is due to a malate-dependent increase in the channel open probability. Arabidopsis thaliana atalmt9 knockout mutants exhibited impaired stomatal opening and wilt more slowly than the wild type. Our findings show that AtALMT9 is a vacuolar chloride channel having a major role in controlling stomata aperture.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexis De Angeli & Jingbo Zhang & Stefan Meyer & Enrico Martinoia, 2013. "AtALMT9 is a malate-activated vacuolar chloride channel required for stomatal opening in Arabidopsis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 4(1), pages 1-10, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:4:y:2013:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms2815
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2815
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    Cited by:

    1. Sivamathini Rajappa & Pannaga Krishnamurthy & Hua Huang & Dejie Yu & Jiří Friml & Jian Xu & Prakash P. Kumar, 2024. "The translocation of a chloride channel from the Golgi to the plasma membrane helps plants adapt to salt stress," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.

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