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Exceptional point and hysteresis trajectories in cold Rydberg atomic gases

Author

Listed:
  • Jun Zhang

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • En-Ze Li

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Ya-Jun Wang

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Bang Liu

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Li-Hua Zhang

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Zheng-Yuan Zhang

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Shi-Yao Shao

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Qing Li

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Han-Chao Chen

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Yu Ma

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Tian-Yu Han

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Qi-Feng Wang

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Jia-Dou Nan

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Yi-Ming Yin

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Dong-Yang Zhu

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Guang-Can Guo

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Dong-Sheng Ding

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

  • Bao-Sen Shi

    (University of Science and Technology of China
    University of Science and Technology of China)

Abstract

The interplay between strong long-range interactions and the coherent driving contribute to the formation of complex patterns, symmetry, and novel phases of matter in many-body systems. However, long-range interactions may induce an additional dissipation channel, resulting in non-Hermitian many-body dynamics and the emergence of exceptional points in spectrum. Here, we report experimental observation of interaction-induced exceptional points in cold Rydberg atomic gases, revealing the breaking of charge-conjugation parity symmetry. By measuring the transmission spectrum under increasing and decreasing probe intensity, the interaction-induced hysteresis trajectories are observed, which give rise to non-Hermitian dynamics. We record the area enclosed by hysteresis loops and investigate the dynamics of hysteresis loops. The reported exceptional points and hysteresis trajectories in cold Rydberg atomic gases provide valuable insights into the underlying non-Hermitian physics in many-body systems, allowing us to study the interplay between long-range interactions and non-Hermiticity.

Suggested Citation

  • Jun Zhang & En-Ze Li & Ya-Jun Wang & Bang Liu & Li-Hua Zhang & Zheng-Yuan Zhang & Shi-Yao Shao & Qing Li & Han-Chao Chen & Yu Ma & Tian-Yu Han & Qi-Feng Wang & Jia-Dou Nan & Yi-Ming Yin & Dong-Yang Zh, 2025. "Exceptional point and hysteresis trajectories in cold Rydberg atomic gases," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-58850-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58850-y
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