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Burst-like swarms in the Campi Flegrei caldera accelerating unrest from 2021 to 2024

Author

Listed:
  • Flora Giudicepietro

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano
    Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Rosario Avino

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Eliana Bellucci Sessa

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Andrea Bevilacqua

    (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)

  • Manuela Bonano

    (Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Stefano Caliro

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Francesco Casu

    (Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Walter Cesare

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Claudio Luca

    (Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Prospero Martino

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano
    Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Federico Traglia

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano
    Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Mauro A. Vito

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Mario Dolce

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Antonietta M. Esposito

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Riccardo Lanari

    (Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Giovanni Macedonio

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano
    Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Michele Manunta

    (Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Carmine Minopoli

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Fernando Monterroso

    (Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Augusto Neri

    (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)

  • Patrizia Ricciolino

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Francesco Rufino

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Alessandro Santi

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Giovanni Scarpato

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Pasquale Striano

    (Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente)

  • Anna Tramelli

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

  • Giovanni Chiodini

    (Osservatorio Vesuviano)

Abstract

Since early 2021, peculiar Volcano-Tectonic (VT) seismic sequences with very short inter-event times have become increasingly frequent and evident in the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy), which has been experiencing a long-term unrest since 2005. During the same period the ground deformation (uplift), seismicity and gas emission that characterize the current unrest showed an acceleration. Within this type of seismic sequence, we identify burst-like swarms, characterized by inter-event times so short that they are often not easily recognizable. Here we show that these sequences are located in an area encompassing the main hydrothermal field and a zone affected by a geodetic anomaly (a region that uplifts less rapidly than the surroundings), which became evident in 2021. This type of seismicity has been associated with phreatic explosions and critical phases of unrest in other volcanoes and currently characterizes the state of activity of Campi Flegrei caldera.

Suggested Citation

  • Flora Giudicepietro & Rosario Avino & Eliana Bellucci Sessa & Andrea Bevilacqua & Manuela Bonano & Stefano Caliro & Francesco Casu & Walter Cesare & Claudio Luca & Prospero Martino & Federico Traglia , 2025. "Burst-like swarms in the Campi Flegrei caldera accelerating unrest from 2021 to 2024," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-56723-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56723-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Agnese Turchi & Rosaria Lumino & Dora Gambardella & Mattia Federico Leone, 2023. "Coping Capacity, Adaptive Capacity, and Transformative Capacity Preliminary Characterization in a “Multi-Hazard” Resilience Perspective: The Soccavo District Case Study (City of Naples, Italy)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-24, July.
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