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Channelrhodopsins with distinct chromophores and binding patterns

Author

Listed:
  • Yuanyue Shan

    (Westlake University
    Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine)

  • Liping Zhao

    (Westlake University)

  • Meiyu Chen

    (Westlake University)

  • Xiao Li

    (Westlake University)

  • Mingfeng Zhang

    (Westlake University
    Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine
    Fudan University)

  • Duanqing Pei

    (Westlake University
    Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine)

Abstract

Channelrhodopsins are popular optogenetic tools in neuroscience, but remain poorly understood mechanistically. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and H. catenoides kalium channelrhodopsin (KCR1). We show that ChR2 recruits an endogenous N-retinylidene-PE-like molecule to a previously unidentified lateral retinal binding pocket, exhibiting a reduced light response in HEK293 cells. In contrast, H. catenoides kalium channelrhodopsin (KCR1) binds an endogenous retinal in its canonical retinal binding pocket under identical condition. However, exogenous ATR reduces the photocurrent magnitude of wild type KCR1 and also inhibits its leaky mutant C110T. Our results uncover diverse retinal chromophores with distinct binding patterns for channelrhodopsins in mammalian cells, which may further inspire next generation optogenetics for complex tasks such as cell fate control.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuanyue Shan & Liping Zhao & Meiyu Chen & Xiao Li & Mingfeng Zhang & Duanqing Pei, 2024. "Channelrhodopsins with distinct chromophores and binding patterns," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-51811-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51811-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yoon Seok Kim & Hideaki E. Kato & Keitaro Yamashita & Shota Ito & Keiichi Inoue & Charu Ramakrishnan & Lief E. Fenno & Kathryn E. Evans & Joseph M. Paggi & Ron O. Dror & Hideki Kandori & Brian K. Kobi, 2018. "Crystal structure of the natural anion-conducting channelrhodopsin GtACR1," Nature, Nature, vol. 561(7723), pages 343-348, September.
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    3. Takefumi Morizumi & Kyumhyuk Kim & Hai Li & Elena G. Govorunova & Oleg A. Sineshchekov & Yumei Wang & Lei Zheng & Éva Bertalan & Ana-Nicoleta Bondar & Azam Askari & Leonid S. Brown & John L. Spudich &, 2023. "Structures of channelrhodopsin paralogs in peptidiscs explain their contrasting K+ and Na+ selectivities," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    4. Kyle Tucker & Savitha Sridharan & Hillel Adesnik & Stephen G. Brohawn, 2022. "Cryo-EM structures of the channelrhodopsin ChRmine in lipid nanodiscs," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    5. N. AzimiHashemi & K. Erbguth & A. Vogt & T. Riemensperger & E. Rauch & D. Woodmansee & J. Nagpal & M. Brauner & M. Sheves & A. Fiala & L. Kattner & D. Trauner & P. Hegemann & A. Gottschalk & J. F. Lie, 2014. "Synthetic retinal analogues modify the spectral and kinetic characteristics of microbial rhodopsin optogenetic tools," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-13, December.
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